DENSITY expresses the closeness, compactness, or near approach of the parts of a body to one another: the more a body weighs in proportion to its bulk, the greater is its density. Gold is the densest body in nature, because there is none known of the same bulk, which weighs so much. EARTH is that fossil matter or element, whereof our globe partly consists. EBULLITION is the boiling or bubbling of water, or any other liquor, when the fire has forced itself a passage through it. Brewers suppose water to be just beginning to boil, when they perceive a small portion of it forced from the bottom upwards in a right line, so as to disturb the surface: when the liquor is in this state, they call it _through_, or upon the point of ebullition. The vulgar notion that the water is hotter at this time than when it boils, is without any foundation. EFFERVESCENCE is a sudden agitation, arising in certain bodies upon mixing them together; this agitation most commonly generates heat. ELASTICITY, or springiness, is that property of bodies, by which they restore themselves to their former figure, after any pressure or distension. EXPANSION is the swelling or increase of the bulk of bodies from heat, or any other cause. EXTRACT consists of the parts of a body separated from the rest, by cold or hot water. FERMENTATION is a sensible internal motion of the particles of a mixture: by the continuance of this motion, the particles are gradually removed from their former situation, and, after some visible separation, joined together again in a different order and arrangement, so as to constitute a new compound. No liquors are capable of inebriating, except those that have been fermented. FIXED BODIES are those, which, consisting of grosser parts, cohering by a strong attraction, and by that means less susceptible of agitation, can neither be separated nor raised, without a strong heat, or perhaps not without fermentation. FIRE is only known by its properties, of which the chief are to penetrate and dilate all solid and fluid bodies. FREEZING POINT is the degree of cold, at which water begins to be formed into ice, which, according to Farenheit’s scale, is expressed by 32. FOXED is a technical term, used by brewers, to indicate beers in a putrid state. GUMS are concreted vegetable juices, which transude through the bark of certain trees, and harden upon the surface; they easily dissolve in water, and by that means distinguish themselves from balsams or resins. HERMETICALLY SEALED is a particular method of stopping the mouth of vessels, so close that the most subtil spirit cannot fly out, which is done by heating the neck of the bottles, till it is just ready to melt, and then with hot pinchers twisting it close together. HOMOGENEOUS is an appellation given to such parts or subjects, which are similar or of the same nature and properties.