The Toxicity of Caffein: An experimental study on different species of animalsSalant, William
Science
The Toxicity of Caffein: An experimental study on different species of animals
Salant, William
Caffeine -- Physiological effect
The data recorded in the table and in the protocols of the experiments
of series C show that four out of the seven animals experimented upon
died in less than 24 hours after caffein was fed; three of these
received 300 to 354 mg caffein per kilo, and one received 200 mg
caffein per kilo. No. 8 vomited four hours after caffein was given.
No vomiting was observed in the other three dogs. From 0.300 to 0.350
gram of caffein per kilo may be regarded, therefore, as surely fatal
to young growing puppies. That this is in all probability the minimum
lethal dose appears from the following experiments: No. 9, which
received 350 mg per kilo, vomited one hour after and survived, which
indicates that some of it was probably not absorbed. The amount which
entered the circulation was therefore less than 350 mg per kilo.
Since No. 15, which received 250 mg caffein subcutaneously, likewise
survived, the probabilities are that 300 to 350 mg per kilo were the
minimum fatal doses for these animals. Moreover, No. 12, which received
200 mg caffein per kilo, survived, no vomiting having been observed.
The case of No. 11, in which the same amount of caffein in proportion
to body weight proved fatal, may be explained perhaps by the findings
of the autopsy.
The results obtained in these experiments justify the conclusion that
young growing dogs can stand larger doses of caffein than full-grown
and older dogs.
Attention may also be called here to the difference in the symptoms
produced by caffein in very young and in adult dogs. It was often
noticed in these experiments that the symptoms in older subjects
when given toxic doses of caffein set in rather abruptly and ended in
instantaneous death. We failed to observe this phenomenon after the
administration of large amounts of caffein to very young dogs, in which
tonic and clonic convulsions alternating with paresis were observed.
These symptoms set in rather gradually and lasted several hours (see
experiment No. 8), resembling the rabbit in this regard.
SUMMARY.
The toxicity of caffein for adult dogs is about the same, whether given
by mouth or injected subcutaneously. The resistance of puppies to
caffein is much greater than that of adults.
TABLE 12.--_Administration by mouth; dogs._ (_Series A._)
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