The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and WordsworthReynolds, Myra
History
The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and Wordsworth
Reynolds, Myra
English poetry -- History and criticism; Nature in literature
Closely connected with the sense for landscape is the use of
geographical romance,[313] or the heightening of poetic effect by the
accumulation of sounding geographical names.[314] The finest example
of this device is in the lines descriptive of the thunder re-echoed
among the mountains.[315] In this passage the impression of sublimity
is due to the suggestions of mysterious elemental forces subtly
associated with such names as Carnarvon, Penmaenmawr, Snowdon, Thule,
and Cheviot.[316] This mental following of the thunder from peak to
distant peak, this endeavor to strengthen the impression by the use of
the remote and the unknown, show a mind set toward romantic rather than
classical ideals.
A further indication of Thomson’s defiance of limits is his curiosity.
His mind goes back of the present fact and restlessly strives after
causes and origins.[317] In imagination he seeks to penetrate to the
vast eternal springs from which Nature refreshes the earth.[318] The
most poetic example of this questioning spirit is in his address to the
winds that blow with boisterous sweep to swell the terrors of the storm.
In what far-distant region of the sky,
Hush’d in deep silence, sleep you when ’tis calm?[319]
The classical spirit held itself to useful questions that could have
some rational answer. It is the romantic spirit that pushes its
inquiries into the realms of the unknowable.
Throughout this study of Thomson’s work there has been an implicit
recognition of his strong love for Nature. This fact receives further
definite confirmation from his letters. It is interesting to note
that his early life was almost as fortunate in its environment as
Wordsworth’s. When he was a year old his father moved to Southdean, a
small hamlet near Jedborough. Here the lad remained till he entered
the university at Edinburgh at fifteen,[320] and here he apparently
passed most of his vacations till he went to London at twenty-five.
One of his especial friends was Dr. Cranston of Ancrum whose love of
Nature was equal to his own. Thomson’s letters to Dr. Cranston, though
somewhat stilted and high-flown, show clearly the eagerness with which
they had together explored the picturesque country along the Tiviot and
its tributary streams, the Ale and the Jed. In the first letter from
London, under the date April 3, 1725, was written, “I wish you joy of
the spring.” In September of the same year Thomson wrote from Barnet:
Now I imagine you seized with a fine romantic kind of melancholy
on the fading of the year; now I figure you wandering,
philosophical and pensive, ’midst the brown, wither’d groves,
while the leaves rustle under your feet, the sun gives a
farewell parting gleam, and the birds
Stir the faint note and but attempt to sing.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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