The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and WordsworthReynolds, Myra
History
The treatment of nature in English poetry between Pope and Wordsworth
Reynolds, Myra
English poetry -- History and criticism; Nature in literature
The prevailing interest in these poems is in Nature, but there are one
or two charming pictures of homely life. The old man’s hut and garden
on the edge of the wood, and the barnyard scene are as attractive as
they are realistic. And surely the tattered old man digging up cabbage
in the shade might have been expected to wait at least for Crabbe or
Wordsworth to introduce him into the select company of the Muses. The
same may be said of the tramp asleep by the roadside.[339]
In any tabulation Dyer’s use of Nature would seem to be much more
abundant than it is for in “The Fleece” he of necessity used a large
number of geographical details merely to mark out localities and with
no more literary quality than there would be on a map. His chief use of
Nature is twofold, and is best seen in the short poems, “Grongar Hill”
and “The Country Walk.” He describes a landscape with loving minuteness
for its own sake, and he regards it as the occasion for a strain of
half-melancholy reflection on human life. This gentle, quaintly precise
moralizing is unlike the typical classical didacticism in that it seems
to spring inevitably from the effect of natural objects on the poet’s
mind, instead of being itself a main thing and laboriously illustrated
by such natural facts as came to hand.
The entire impression made by the two poems is that they were written
by one who knew Nature better than books. The negative as well as
the positive qualities of the poem show this. There are almost no
conventional phrases.[340] Of the personified abstract qualities, two
at least, Pleasure and Quiet, are so imaginatively conceived as not
to belong to the category of cold classical personifications. The
only classical allusion is significant as being to the “fair Castalian
springs” “deserted now” by all but “slavish hinds.”[341] But the poems
show something more than first-hand as opposed to bookish knowledge
of Nature. Their author evidently loved to linger over the charms of
Nature in solitude, to let them sink into his mind and heart. There is
a power of quiet contemplation, of “wise passiveness,” such as Thomson
never knew. The closing lines of “Grongar Hill,”
Be full, ye courts; be great who will;
Search for Peace with all your skill:
Open wide the lofty door,
Seek her on the marble floor,
In vain you search, she is not there;
In vain ye search the domes of care!
Grass and flowers Quiet treads,
On the meads, and mountain heads,
Along with Pleasure, close-ally’d,
Ever by each other’s side:
And often, by the murmuring rill,
Hears the thrush, while all is still,
Within the groves of Grongar Hill,
show a wonderfully true and delicate apprehension of the spiritual
influences that speak through Nature’s forms. It is putting into
plainer words what was the underlying conception in Parnell’s “Hymn to
Contentment.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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