New York weekly journal; Zenger, John Peter, 1697-1746
Our Governor, who came here but last year, has long ago given more
distaste to the people than I believe any Governor that ever this
Province had during his whole government. He was so unhappy before he
came to have the character in England that he knew not the difference
between power and right; and he has, by many imprudent actions since
he came here, fully verified that character. It would be tedious to
give a detail of them. He has raised such a spirit in the people of
this Province that, if they cannot convince him, yet I believe they
will give the world reason to believe that they are not easily to be
made slaves of, nor to be governed by arbitrary power.... Nothing does
give a greater luster to your and Mr Burnet’s administrations here
than being succeeded by such a man.[14]
This letter is notable for giving Alexander’s own express statement
about the reason for publishing the brand new _Journal_:
Inclosed is also the first of a newspaper designed to be continued
weekly, chiefly to expose him [Cosby] and those ridiculous flatteries
with which Mr Harison loads our other newspaper, which our Governor
claims and has the privilege of suffering nothing to be in but what he
and Mr Harison approve of.
Mr Van Dam is resolved, and by far the greater part of the Province
openly approve his resolution, of not yielding to the Governor’s
demand. He has not as yet answered, nor will the Governor’s lawyers be
able for one while to compel him unless they break over all law and
persuade the new Judges [Delancey and Philipse] into a contradiction
of themselves. Which if they do, the world shall know it from the
press.[15]
The advent of the _Journal_ did nothing to lessen the bitterness of
Cosby’s condemnation of Alexander, for although it was known as
“Zenger’s paper” (since it bore only the printer’s name), the Governor
was in no doubt about who was the guiding genius of the enterprise. On
December 6, 1734, he writes to the Board of Trade:
Mr James Alexander is the person whom I have too much occasion to
mention.... No sooner did Van Dam and the late Chief Justice (the
latter especially) begin to treat my administration with rudeness and
ill-manners than I found Alexander to be at the head of a scheme to
give all imaginable uneasiness to the government by infusing into, and
making the worst impression on, the minds of the people. A press
supported by him and his party began to swarm with the most virulent
libels.[16]
Cosby realized further that Alexander was not the only one in New York
who was playing at the new kind of journalism, and he said of Morris:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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