The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 1 (of 4)Crooke, William
History
The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 1 (of 4)
Crooke, William
Caste -- India -- History; Hindus -- India; Tribes -- India -- History
Balâi, Balâhi [213].—A tribe of weavers and labourers in the Central
Duâb. They have no exogamous or endogamous divisions. They marry only
in their own caste, but not in the gotra of their mother or
grandmother. They can marry two sisters. There is no prohibition of
marriage based on social position, occupation, or sectarial belief.
They say themselves that they are the descendants of Panwâr Râjputs,
and that their original home is Kota Bûndi and Bikâner. They are
settled and not nomadic. They do not admit outsiders into the caste.
Marriage is both infant and adult, and sexual license both before and
after marriage is not tolerated. Polyandry is prohibited, and polygamy
to the extent of two wives is allowed.
[Marriage.] 2. The marriage is celebrated in the usual way, and the
binding part of it is the seven perambulations (bhanwar) round the
sacred fire. A Brâhman priest officiates. Marriage under the form known
as Dharaicha is also permitted. This is the form used in widow
marriage. The widow can, if she please, live with the younger brother
of her late husband; but she can, if she chooses, marry an outsider to
the family, and her right of choice is fully recognized. A woman can be
expelled for infidelity, and she has the right of appeal to the tribal
council. Such a divorced woman can marry again by the Dharaicha form.
[Religion.] 3. They are Hindus of the Vaishnava sect, and their chief
god is Bhagwân. They worship Hanumân every Tuesday and Saturday, and
Devi in the months of Chait and Kuâr. Zâhir Pîr is venerated on the
ninth of the first half of Bhâdon. The offerings consist of flowers,
sweetmeats, fruits, etc., and after presentation they are consumed by
the worshippers. They employ Brâhmans as priests who do not incur any
social discredit by serving them.
[Disposal of the dead.] 4. The dead are cremated. Poor people leave the
ashes at the pyre; wealthier people send them to the Ganges. They
perform the usual annual srâddha in the month of Kuâr.
[Occupation.] 5. Weaving is their main occupation, but some of them
work as masons and day-labourers.
[Social rules.] 6. They eat pork and flesh of cloven-footed animals,
except the cow. They drink spirits. They will not eat the flesh of
monkeys, fish, fowls, crocodiles, lizards, snakes, rats or other
vermin, or the leavings of other people. The lowest well known caste
with which the caste will eat pakki is the Nâi. They eat kachchi cooked
by Kâyasths, Gûjars or Ahîrs.
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