The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 2 (of 4)Crooke, William
History
The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 2 (of 4)
Crooke, William
Caste -- India -- History; Hindus -- India; Tribes -- India -- History
But this is more than doubtful. In Bareilly, again,
there are said to be three endogamous sections, Saksena, Kabâriya, and
Kandiya, while in Bânda the caste is known as Kândua, Renrkûta, or
“pounders of the castor-oil seed,” and Tilbhûnja, or “parchers of
sesamum,” and has three endogamous sections—Teliya, Bhunjua, and
Dophansiya, or “two-noose men.” It thus appears that the internal
organisation of the caste is at present in a state of transition, and
that the tendency is to break up into an increasing number of
endogamous sections which will probably in time form a number of
so-called separate castes.
[Marriage customs.] 2. The sections are, as has been said, almost
certainly all endogamous, and they seem generally to practise the
ordinary rule of exogamy which bars the line of the paternal and
maternal uncle and aunt. Widow marriage by the forms known as sagâi,
kâj, or karâo, and the levirate prevail.
[Religion.] 3. To the east of the Province they are usually of the
Vaishnava sect and worship the Pânchon Pîr and Hardiya Deva or Hardaur
Lâla, the cholera godling, whose worshippers at the last Census
amounted to 5,034 persons; and worshippers of these two different
deities are said usually not to intermarry. In Bareilly their tribal
godling is Chanda Kartâl, of whom nothing appears to be known. In Bânda
and Fatehpur they are said to be generally Sâktas and worshippers of
Devi, Mahâdeva, and Mahâbîr. The offerings consist of rice, goats,
spirits, flowers, and money. Devi and Mahâdeva are worshipped on
Mondays, and Mahâbîr on Tuesdays.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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