The Trouvelot astronomical drawings manualTrouvelot, E. L. (Etienne Leopold)
Science
The Trouvelot astronomical drawings manual
Trouvelot, E. L. (Etienne Leopold)
Astronomy -- Pictorial works
The veiled spots have no umbra or penumbra, although they are usually
accompanied by faculæ resembling those seen near the ordinary spots.
They are frequently seen in the polar regions, but are there always of
small size and of short duration. The veiled spots are larger, and more
apt to arrange themselves into groups, in the regions occupied by the
ordinary spots, and it is not rare to observe such spots transform
themselves into ordinary spots, and vice versa. The veiled spots,
therefore, seem to be ordinary spots filled up, or covered over by the
granulations and semi-transparent gases composing the chromospheric
layer. That it is so, becomes more evident, from the fact that large
Sun-spots in process of diminution are sometimes gradually covered with
faint and scattered granules which descend in long, narrow filaments,
and become less and less distinguishable as they attain greater depth.
This phenomenon, associated with the fact that the luminous bridges seen
over the Sun-spots which are closing up are sometimes transformed into
branches which show the characteristic structure of the photosphere,
goes far to prove that the solar envelopes are mainly composed of an
innumerable quantity of radial filaments of varying height.
[PLATE I.--GROUP OF SUN-SPOTS AND VEILED SPOTS.
Observed on June 17th 1875 at 7 h. 30 m. A.M.]
The group of Sun-spots represented in Plate I., was observed and drawn
on June 17th, 1875, at 7h. 30m. A. M. The first traces of this group
were seen on June 15th, at noon, and consisted of three small black dots
disseminated among the granulations. At that time, no disturbance of the
surface was noticeable, and no faculæ were seen in the vicinity of these
spots. On June 16th, at 8 o'clock A. M., the three small spots had
become considerably enlarged, and, as usual, the group consisted of two
principal spots. Between these two spots all was in motion: the
granulations, stretched into long, wavy, parallel lines, had somewhat
the appearance of a liquid in rapid motion. At 1 o'clock, P. M., on the
same day, the group had considerably enlarged; the faculæ, the
granulations, and the penumbral filaments being interwoven in an
indescribable manner. On the morning of the 17th, these spots had
assumed the complicated form and development represented in the drawing;
while at the same time two conspicuous veiled spots were seen on the
left hand, at some distance above the group.
Some luminous bridges are visible upon the left hand spot, traversing
the penumbra and umbra of this spot in various directions. The umbra of
one of the spots is occupied, and partly filled with gray and rosy
veils, similar to those above described, and the granulations of the
solar surface form a background to the group of spots.
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