The Trouvelot astronomical drawings manualTrouvelot, E. L. (Etienne Leopold)
Science
The Trouvelot astronomical drawings manual
Trouvelot, E. L. (Etienne Leopold)
Astronomy -- Pictorial works
The corona appears under different forms, and has never been observed
twice alike. Its dimensions are also subject to considerable variations.
Sometimes it appears regular and very little extended, its distribution
around the Sun being almost uniform; although in general it spreads a
little more in the direction of the ecliptic, or of the solar equator.
At other times it appears much larger and more complicated, and forms
various wings and appendages, which in some cases, as in 1878, extend to
immense distances; while delicate rays radiate in straight or curved
lines from the spaces left in the polar regions between the wings. The
corona has sometimes appeared as if divided by immense dark gaps,
apparently free from luminous matter, and strongly resembling the dark
rifts seen in the tails of comets. This was observed in Spain and Sicily
during the total eclipse of the Sun in 1870. Different structures,
forming wisps and streamers of great length, and interlaced in various
ways, are sometimes present in the corona, while faint but more
complicated forms, distantly resembling enormous solar protuberances
with bright nuclei, have also been observed.
As the Moon continues its eastward progress, it gradually covers the
chromosphere and the solar protuberances on the eastern side of the Sun;
while, at the same time, the protuberances and the chromosphere on the
opposite limb gradually appear from under the retreating Moon. Then, the
thin arc of the reversing layer is visible for an instant, and is
instantly followed by the appearance of a point of dazzling white light,
succeeded immediately by the apparition of Daily's beads on each side,
and totality is over, with this third contact. The corona continues to
be visible on the eastern side of the Sun for several minutes longer,
and then rapidly vanishes.
The thin solar crescent increases in breadth as the Moon advances;
while, at the same time, the darkness and gloom spread over nature
gradually disappear, and terrestrial objects begin to resume their
natural appearance. Finally the limb of the Moon separates from that of
the Sun at the instant of "fourth contact," and the eclipse is over.
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