As to that article of the indictment, which relates to the means of perpetrating the crime of which the Prisoner is accused, namely, by secret medicines and modes of practice unknown to this College, and to all other practitioners, we have proved very clearly, by Dr. Ruston’s experiments, that the composition of the medicines is certainly known. But that they consist chiefly of a mercurial preparation, is sufficiently evident from their effects. Now that mercury hath been very commonly used as a preparative to inoculation, we have proved to you by the testimony of several witnesses of indisputable character. And with regard to the vegetable diet, enjoined by the Prisoner at the bar, it is so far from being peculiar to him, that it hath very long been the common practice. As to his manner of communicating the infection by means of the lymph taken before the eruptive fever, whether it be the invention of the Prisoner, or not, is a matter of no importance, as it is now a very common, and therefore not a secret mode of practice. I come now to that part of his practice, in which he hath been thought most singular, and which hath generally been imagined to be his own invention: I mean his cool regimen; that is, the practice of exposing his patients to the open air, and giving them cold water to drink. But, though this practice may not have been carried to the present extreme by regular physicians, it is nevertheless most certain, that they could not be ignorant how strenuously it was recommended, in the natural small-pox, by many writers of the first distinction. Rhases, an Arabian physician, who wrote some hundred years ago, in his chapter _De præservatione, et de modo impediendi_, &c. expresses himself, concerning the use of cold water, in order to extinguish the variolous fever, in these words: _Bibendam præbe aquam in nive refrigeratam in summo frigiditatis gradu, effusim et affatim datam, et brevibus intervallis; ita ut ea prematur, et frigiditatem ejus sentiat in intestinis suis ægrotus. Quod si posthac febricitet, et in illum redierit ardor; potui illam dato secunda vice, videlicet a libris duabus ad tres, et amplius, in semihoræ spatio. Quod si adhuc calor redierit, et venter aqua repletus fuerit; fac ut illam evomat: tum denuo aquam bibendam præbe._ Thus, gentlemen of the jury, you hear, that this early, this celebrated writer on the small-pox, carried the use of cold water far beyond the practice of our most adventurous inoculators. He not only ordered his patients to drink cold water till they were full, but made them spew it up, and drink again. Now, though our learned and regular physicians, who had some tenderness for their patients, and some reputation to lose, did not dare to try what appeared to them a dangerous experiment, it is, nevertheless, a practice of which they could not be ignorant; and of which the Prisoner is undoubtedly guiltless of being the inventor.