Our immortal Sydenham is so universally known to have been a strenuous advocate for the cool method of treating patients in the small-pox, that to quote him upon this occasion, were unnecessary and impertinent. The learned Boerhaave, in aphorism 1399, advises the cool regimen in these words: _In primo initio apparentis inflammationis externe, videtur requiri cautela, ne vergat in suppurationem, aut curandum ut minima fiat, procul a capite, & tarda; quod fit, victu tenuissimo putredini resistente; potu diluente, blando, subacidulo &c. regimine frigidiusculo, maxime admissu puri & frigidi aëris._ So that in this aphorism we discover not only the liberal admission of pure and cold air, but also, the sub-acid liquor, and antiseptic regimen, of which the Prisoner at the bar hath so unjustly been supposed the inventor. The celebrated Dr. Mead, though he does not advise the extreme cold regimen, nevertheless, in regard to cool air, says, _In primis autem curandum est, ut purum aërem, eumque frigidulum, ubertim trahere possit_. Dr. Kirkpatrick, in his Analysis of inoculation, though he thought it not advisable to attempt an entire extinction of the ordinary process of the disease in question, says, “Notwithstanding we have little to oppose to it’s most virulent operation but powerful acids, styptics, and not only free ventilating air, but, perhaps, the strongest potential cold we can generate and apply.” Thus, gentlemen of the jury, it appears, beyond all dispute, that the Prisoner at the bar is so far from having preserved the lives of his Majesty’s liege subjects, by secret medicines and modes of practice unknown to the faculty in general, that all his medicines have been generally prescribed, and every article of his process either practised or recommended by a great variety of authors, whose works are universally studied. Gentlemen of the jury, I make no doubt but you are perfectly convinced that the Prisoner is guiltless of the crimes specified in the indictment. But his accusers, not satisfied with their general charge, have, in the course of their evidence, endeavoured to convict him of dealing with the Devil; they have endeavoured to prove him guilty of witchcraft; they have endeavoured to make you believe, that, by means of a certain medicine, and a magic circle drawn with a pen round the pustules, with the addition of a prayer repeated (backwards I suppose) by his officiating clergyman; I say, they have endeavoured to persuade you, that, by the help of the black art, he is able to make the pustules retire at the word of command. But, gentlemen of the jury, I beg you will remember, that Dr. Dimsdale has clearly explained this matter; he told you, That these supposed pustules were nothing more than a rash, which frequently accompanies the small-pox, and which naturally retires of it’s own accord, without the assistance of the black art, and, consequently, that the Prisoner at the bar is no conjurer.