The United States Marine Corps in the World WarUnited States. Marine Corps
History
The United States Marine Corps in the World War
United States. Marine Corps
United States. Marine Corps -- History -- World War, 1914-1918; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
In carrying out the policy of obtaining officers from the ranks,
orders were issued to commanding officers of every post and station
of the Marine Corps, both at home and abroad, as well as those on
board ship, to the effect that all commissioned officers would be
taken from the ranks, and that the number of men to be designated
from each post to attend the training camp would be a certain
percentage of the number of men stationed at such post or station.
Each commanding officer was ordered to convene a board of three
officers to examine into the qualifications of the men at his post,
and to report in the order of merit the names of the men considered
qualified for entry to the officers’ training camp at Quantico, Va.
These reports were all forwarded to headquarters, where a board was
convened to examine them and to select, in accordance with their
standing as reported by the various boards, the number of men who
it had been decided could be quartered and properly instructed at
Quantico. It was found that about 600 was the limit that could be
accommodated, and approximately this number was selected for the
first camp, which was established at Quantico, Va., in April, 1918.
The officers’ training camp was commanded by an officer of adequate
rank. The students were divided into companies with a major in
command as chief instructor and captains and lieutenants to assist
him. The candidates were given a very rigid course of instruction
and intensive training. Some of the studies pursued were: Infantry
drill regulations, manual of interior guard duty, bayonet training,
bombing, minor tactics, military engineering, military topography,
administration, military law, lectures on gas and on sea duty, and a
practical course on the rifle range.
The training at these camps was most intensive and thoroughly
competitive, so that a man’s position depended entirely upon himself.
The material to draw from was so excellent that comparatively few of
those who entered the camps failed to receive commissions and many
of the young men so commissioned who were assigned to duty abroad
demonstrated that their selection was fully justified.
Many officers also received special training in the schools of the
Overseas Depot at Quantico, Va.
The majority of the members of the first officers’ training camp were
graduated in July, 1918. Three hundred of this camp were commissioned
on July 15, 1918, and 91 on August 15, 1918.
The same proportionate allowance that was made in the United States
was also designated for the Marines serving in France, and similar
means were instituted there to carry out the policy of selection of
men for the training camp. As a result of the camp established over
there, 164 second lieutenants were appointed from the Fourth Brigade
in France.
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