The useful trees of northern NigeriaLely, Hugh Vandervaes
Science
The useful trees of northern Nigeria
Lely, Hugh Vandervaes
Plants, Useful -- Nigeria, Northern; Trees -- Nigeria, Northern
=The Fruits= are slightly curved, flat, jointed, embossed pods, 3-5
inches long, light brown with green tinges and finely veined. When ripe
the pod splits up both edges, and the seeds, 6-10 in number, remain
fastened to the edges by the long twisted attachments, from which they
break loose gradually, the pod sections remaining attached to the
tree for some time before this occurs. Many pods fall with the seeds
still attached to them. The clusters of curved, split pods are most
conspicuous and they contract considerably during the ripening stages.
[Illustration]
=ACACIA SIEBERIANA= DC.—_Fara kaya, Bauji_. LEGUMINOSAE.
This common and widely distributed species has, when full-grown, some
similarity to _Acacia campylacantha_, especially when the species occur
in the open. Its long, white thorns distinguish it from the latter. It
is occasionally met with as pure forest, but should not be confused
with _Acacia Seyal_, the “Talh” acacia, which is very like the small
_A. Sieberiana_ and has yellow flower-balls and ochrey bark. Old trees
are a height of about 50 or more feet with girths of 5-6 feet. They
have large round crowns and sometimes rather persistent lower twigs,
though 20 feet boles are not uncommon. It grows well in dry situations
and frequently occurs, mixed with _A. Seyal_, in open, dry country.
=The Bark= of young trees is yellowish and smooth, this feature
persisting on the branches of older trees, which have rough, small,
square scales, grey in colour on the stem and larger limbs. The bark
exudes a gum which is white, clear and brittle when dry, making a fair
mucilage. The slash is yellow, with dark red edges.
=The Thorns=, persistent everywhere except on the bole and largest
limbs, are fine, straight and white, with very acute points. They are
in pairs at about 120° to each other, pointing slightly forward, up to
3 inches long. On new shoots they are green and soft, hardening as the
shoot ages. Quite small thorns are found at the tip of the shoots.
=The Wood= is a dull yellow colour, very subject to bluish
discolorations, due to mould. In transverse section the rings are
indistinct and inseparable from the numerous concentric lines of hard
and soft tissue which are clearly marked. The pores are open, very
numerous, of different sizes, the large ones plainly visible, mostly
single with little soft tissue, except along the rings where the pores
are in rows, each separated by a ray. There are a few double pores,
nests and small chains. The rays are slightly waved, fairly evenly
spaced except where the finer rays are closer together. The rays show
as light-reflecting bands in the radial section. The wood is soft,
rather coarse in grain, easily worked, planing to a rather rough,
untidy surface. The weight is 45 lbs. a cubic foot.
=The Leaves=, which spring from between the thorns, are bipinnate,
about 5-6 inches long with 10-25 pairs of pinnae, the numerous and dark
green leaflets being ⅛ inch long with rounded tips.
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