The useful trees of northern NigeriaLely, Hugh Vandervaes
Science
The useful trees of northern Nigeria
Lely, Hugh Vandervaes
Plants, Useful -- Nigeria, Northern; Trees -- Nigeria, Northern
=The Flowers= are in white balls slightly over ½ inch in diameter, with
¾ inch stalks, in loose bunches. Their colour distinguishes them from
those of other species similar and likely to be confused. They are
sweet-scented and visited by bees.
=The Fruits= are large, brown pods, from 6-7 inches long, 1 inch wide
and ½ inch thick, straight or slightly curved. They are not very
numerous, but conspicuous by their size. The seeds, about 12 in number
are quadrangular, rounded, flattened, very hard and dark and light
brown.
=Uses.=—The young trees and the branches of the old are used for
handles of implements, the angle of branching being especially suited
to the shape of the large hoe (galma) handle.
The gum, in solution, is applied to turban and gown cloth and a sheen
produced by beating.
[Illustration]
=ADANSONIA DIGITATA= B. Juss.—_Kuka_. “_Baobab_.” MALVACEAE.
The Baobab tree is so well known as hardly to need description. The
enormous girth up to some 50 feet, large white flowers and pendulous
fruits are familiar. From its earliest years it assumes the shape, in
miniature, of the older trees. Though nature plays the largest part in
the shaping, the cropping of leaves for food, the stripping of bark for
rope and the ringing of large branches by beetles till they fall to the
ground, all help to accelerate the abnormal form. Widely distributed,
it is locally more than generally common, and abounds in groups. The
majority of large native towns are full of it. Occasionally it can be
seen without the usual stunted appearance, with slender branches and
well-formed crown. An association with _Tamarindus indica_ (Tsamiya) is
fairly common, the latter growing long slender stems about the former
and partly embracing its trunk.
=The Bark= is grey, with all shades of purple and a sheen. It has great
callus-growing properties and appears vigorously alive in its power to
cover up wounds. The outer bark is soft, spongy and full of sap, and
it is the inner layers which are stripped off for the rope making. The
slash is mottled red and white.
=The Wood= is not used. It is very light, soft and crumbling, rotting
rapidly under exposure.
=The Leaves= are digitate with some six or seven lobes, 2-3 inches
long, borne on a 4-5 inch leaf-stalk. They have sinuous margins and a
tongued tip; the mid-rib is sunken and the veins regular. The surface
is dark green above and smooth, but downy beneath. The leaves appear
soon after the flowers.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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