The useful trees of northern NigeriaLely, Hugh Vandervaes
Science
The useful trees of northern Nigeria
Lely, Hugh Vandervaes
Plants, Useful -- Nigeria, Northern; Trees -- Nigeria, Northern
=Uses.=—The fruits are eaten fresh. The bark is boiled in water and the
infusion taken as a medicine for stomach troubles.
[Illustration]
=ODINA BARTERI= Oliv.—_Farun doya_. ANACARDIACEAE.
A very common tree in open savannahs, flourishing in deep or shallow
soils, preferably of granite composition, and plentiful amongst rocks.
It is a large tree up to 40 feet in height with girths of 6-8 feet
and its characters are a short bole, rarely over 10 feet, and large
spreading limbs forming a wide open crown. The branches are very
pliant and the twigs droop. This and _O. acida_ occur over large areas
together, the rough bark and hairy leaves distinguishing the former.
=The Bark= is almost black and very rough, with deep, vertical fissures
and long heavy scales which fall in large ragged lengths. The stem is
thus often very shaggy. The slash is salmon pink with paler streaks.
=The Wood= is dirty white, with bluish and brown discolorations. In
transverse section the rings are indistinct; the pores are very small,
numerous, single and fairly evenly distributed; the rays fine and close
together, hardly visible to the unaided eye. In vertical section the
grain is rather coarse, there are no bands of colour and often a number
of small knots. The wood is soft, of poor quality, easily worked and of
the quality of _Bombax_. The weight is only 25 lbs. a cubic foot.
=The Leaves= are some 18 inches long, pinnate, with some 4 pairs and
a terminal leaflet. These are spear-shaped, about 4 inches long and
2 inches wide, with very short, thick stalks. They are dark green,
densely covered with short hairs and limp and flaccid. The young leaf
shoots are a reddish-brown and densely pubescent.
=The Flowers= are in spikes, the male and female on separate trees.
The male are in 5-6 inch spikes, up to a dozen spikes at a twig tip,
often so numerous on the leafless tree as to render it conspicuous from
a great distance. They appear from January to April, and are scented.
The flowers are in clusters round the spike, not completely covering
it. Each has a 4-lobed calyx, 4 small petals, 8 erect stamens and the
rudiments of an ovary with 4 stigmas. The flowers fall from the spikes,
leaving them bare. The female flowers are on shorter spikes, the
flowers are fewer in number and evenly distributed on the spike. Each
has a 4-lobed calyx, 4 small petals and an ovary with 4 stigmas. They
are not scented. Both spikes are very pubescent.
=The Fruits= are nuts, flattened ovoids with the stigmas prominent at
the tip. They ripen about March to May and are reddish purple, the
flesh very resinous and the white kernel attached to the top. They are
½ inch long and are borne in heavy clusters of spikes, generally erect
and stiffer than those of _O. acida_.
=Uses.=—No part of the tree is edible as in the case of _O. acida_.
[Illustration]
=ORMOCARPUM BIBRACTEATUM= Baker.—_Faskara giwa_. _Tsa_. LEGUMINOSAE.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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