The useful trees of northern NigeriaLely, Hugh Vandervaes
Science
The useful trees of northern Nigeria
Lely, Hugh Vandervaes
Plants, Useful -- Nigeria, Northern; Trees -- Nigeria, Northern
A small, erect tree up to some 25 feet in height with 1-2 feet girth,
locally very plentiful but otherwise infrequent, _e.g._, in the Anka
district of Sokoto it occurs in vast numbers, but nowhere else in
the province, and in one or two places in Bauchi small clumps of it
are seen. At first sight it is very like an _Acacia_, with its erect
branches and pinnate leaves. The stem branches generally low down,
occasionally at a height of 8-10 feet, and the branches are vertical,
so that the tree has no width of crown. Owing to the scarcity of the
smaller branches the vertical ones are crowded with leaves, and from
February to April with flowers, for several feet, there being no side
twigs, these being replaced by small shoots covered with bracts.
=The Bark= is silvery grey with a soft sheen, smooth and very thick,
large scales peeling off in season. The effect of fire on young stems
is to produce great bosses of light brown cork, often charred. The
slash is yellow.
=The Leaves= are about 2-3 inches long, pinnate, with some 6-8
opposite or sub-opposite leaflets and a terminal leaflet. These are
¼-⅜ inch long and about ³⁄₁₆ inch broad, oval, with or without a
slightly notched tip in which the mid-rib protrudes slightly. They are
grey-green and hairy and each springs from between a pair of bracts on
the twig.
=The Flowers= are very handsome “Pea-flowers” in small clusters on long
stalks, branched, with a bract at each branch, springing from small
clusters of bracts on the woody stems. The stalks are purple and hairy,
the calyx is irregular, purple and green, and the corolla is a delicate
pink with a pale green keel. The flowers are generally in great masses
and a curious characteristic is that they dry up and retain almost
their original shape, the pod ripening meanwhile.
=The Fruits= are small black jointed pods 1-1½ inches long with some
4-5 joints, oval, flattened and hairy, each containing one seed, pale
brown in colour. The pod will often bend right round and its tip enter
the mouth of the flower.
[Illustration]
=OSTRYODERRIS CHEVALIERI= Dunn.—_Durbi_. LEGUMINOSAE.
A large tree some 40 feet or more high, common in some parts of Sokoto,
Zaria and Katsina, but very local in its occurrence and extending as
far north as 13°. The girth is up to 7 feet, more often 5 feet. It
closely resembles _Paradaniellia Oliveri_ in bark and leaf and form,
especially in young trees of the latter species. The bole may be clean
and straight for 20 feet and the crown is high and flat-topped in full
grown trees. It does not grow on poor soils and its extension to 13° is
by way of moister valleys and pockets of alluvial soil. The pods and
flowers are the distinctive features.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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