The Viking Age. Volume 1 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nations — John Shaqi
The Viking Age. Volume 1 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nationsDu Chaillu, Paul B. (Paul Belloni)
History
The Viking Age. Volume 1 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nations
The story given in the English or Irish chronicles of the appearance of
the Danes, in A.D. 785, when their name is first mentioned, is as little
trustworthy as that of the settlement of England, and bears the
appearance of contradiction and confusion in regard to names of people
and facts.
We must remember that the Sueones are not mentioned from the time of
Tacitus to that of Charlemagne (772–814), and certainly they had not
disappeared in the meantime.
What were the Danes doing with their mighty fleets before this? Had
their ships been lying in port for centuries? Had they been built for
simple recreation and the pleasure of looking at them, or did their
maritime power arise at once as if by magic? Such an hypothesis cannot
stand the test of reasoning. The turning of a population into a
seafaring nation is the work of time. Where in the history of the world
can we find a parallel to this story of a people _suddenly_ appearing
with immense navies? Let us compare by analogy the statement of the
chronicles with what might happen to the history of England in the
course of time.
Suppose that for some reason the previous history of England were lost,
with the exception of a fragment which spoke of her enormous fleet of
to-day. Could it be reasonably supposed that this great maritime power
was the creation of a few years?
A few years after the time fixed as that of their first supposed
appearance we find these very Danes swarming everywhere with their
fleets and warriors, not only in England, but in Gaul, in Brittany, up
the Seine, the Garonne, the Rhine, the Elbe, on the coasts of Spain, and
further eastward in the Mediterranean.
The Sueones, or Swedes, reappear at the close of the eighth and
commencement of the ninth centuries by the side of the Danes, and both
called themselves Northmen. Surely the maritime power of the Sueones,
described by Tacitus, could not have been destroyed immediately after
his death, only to reappear in the time of Charlemagne, when it again
becomes prominent in the Frankish annals.
A remarkable fact not to be overlooked is that, in the time of
Charlemagne, the Franks and Saxons were not a seafaring people, though
their countries had an extensive coast with deep rivers. The Frankish
annals never mention a Frank or Saxon fleet attacking the fleets of the
Northmen, or preventing them from ascending their streams, though
Charlemagne ordered ships to be built in order to resist their
incursions.
While the country of the Saxons was being conquered by this Emperor, we
find that the Saxons themselves had no vessels on the Elbe or Weser in
which, if defeated, they could retire in safety, or by help of which
they could prevent the army of their enemies from crossing their
streams. Such tactics were constantly used by the Northmen in their
invasions of ancient Gaul, Britain, Germania, Spain, &c.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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