The Viking Age. Volume 1 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nationsDu Chaillu, Paul B. (Paul Belloni)
History
The Viking Age. Volume 1 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nations
The Völuspa was an inspired poem of a Völva or Sibyl,[20] and embodies
the records of the creation of the present world, and of the time prior
to it; of the various races, their origin and history, and of the chaos
and destruction which finally will overtake mankind.
It is in some places so obscure, that if it had not been partly
explained by the later Edda, and had light thrown upon it by the sagas
and ancient laws, it would be impossible to understand its meaning; and
even now it is most difficult, and in some places impossible to fully
comprehend several of its mythical parts, some of which will always
remain enigmatical.
Vafthrudnismal is especially interesting as compared with the Völuspa,
with much of which it corresponds, and some part of which it amplifies.
The mythical and the real are so intermingled that it is often
impossible to distinguish the one from the other.
In the beginning we are confronted by a chief named Odin, the son of
Bör, who lived near the Tanais (the river Don) not far from the Palus
Mæotis (the Sea of Azof), and there we find one Asgard, which in all
probability had its original in some real locality.
Besides Asar and Jötnar, many other tribes are mentioned which can
hardly be regarded as altogether mythical, some of which may have
inhabited the far north of the ancient Sweden, or part of the present
Russia and Scandinavia; the Thursar, who were also called Hrimthursar
(hoar frost), and the Risar, also Bergrisar (mountain Risar), appear
from these names to have lived in a cold mountainous country, possibly
the region of the Ural Mountains.
Jötunheim, the chief burgh of which was _Utgard_, would appear to be a
general, vague name given to a very wide extent of country not embraced
in Asaheim (the home of the Asar). Jötunheim, as the name indicates, was
the home or country of the Jötnar and Thursar, between whom and the Asar
there was fierce enmity.
Some of the Jötnar were considered very wise, and Odin, as the chief of
the Asar, determined to go in disguise to Jötunheim, the home of the
Jötnar, in order to seek out the Jötun Vafthrudnir[21] (the mighty or
wise in riddles), who was renowned for his knowledge. The song begins by
representing Odin as consulting his wife, Frigg, as to the advisability
of undertaking the journey. The stanzas which follow represent Odin
questioning Vafthrudnir in his search for knowledge:—
Then went Odin
To try word-wisdom
Of the all-wise Jötun.
To a hall he came,
Owned by Ymir’s father;
In went Ygg at once.[22]
(_As Odin enters he sings_—)
Hail, Vafthrudnir,
I have come into thy hall
To look at thyself;
First I want to know,
If thou art a wise
Or an all-wise Jötun.
_Vafthrudnir._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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