If the husband died first, his natural heir got his property, while the wife kept hers; but if the wife died first, the husband took back the _tilgjöf_, and the other property went to her heirs. If a man did not value the property of his wife at the marriage, then he had to pay the value to her heirs if she died before him, and take an oath that he had not received more. But if he died first, and his property also had not been valued, and they had been married for twelve months, then she got one-third of the loose property and land, besides her clothes. “A man shall rule over his wife’s property while they are married, and not separated, except that which is stipulated at their betrothal or their marriage; that property shall she answer for and rule herself. If an inheritance falls to a man’s wife, and there are _umagi_[32] in that inheritance but no property,[33] her husband shall take care of these, and “fit them out,” but her _heimanfylgja_ shall not diminish when it is made public in a drinking-hall.[34] But if there is property in that inheritance, the lands and all loose property shall be valued, and he shall have the care of them and the increase, but he shall pay as much back as he got, except the land-rents which he got afterwards” (Earlier Frostathing’s Law, xi. 5). “A gift given to a woman shall be her property, in whatever manner she may be separated. All the property of a maiden shall be valued, loose property against loose property, but one half of a widow’s property shall be valued. The valuation shall be lawful in every case except two—if she dies childless or leaves him without a protector” (Gulath., 54). The only certain examples of polygamy[35] occur among the great chiefs, such as Harald Fairhair. Harald Hardradi had two wives, Elizabeth, the daughter of the King of Gardaríki, and Thora, the daughter of a Norwegian chief; both enjoyed the name of queen. The husband was obliged to protect his wife, and take as much care of her honour as of his own. “Now is about the rights of women. Every man has claim on behalf of his wife. A _Hauld_ owns three marks if she is struck; but a widow shall have the same _rétt_ as her last husband (had), and the one she wishes shall prosecute. But if a maiden is struck, her nearest kinsman shall claim her _rétt_ as if it were his own. But if she is to have it herself, the right plaintiff shall summon a _Thing_” (Earlier Frostathing’s Law, x., c. 37). The following laws show how strict people were in regard to kisses:—