The Wanderings and Homes of ManuscriptsJames, M. R. (Montague Rhodes)
History
The Wanderings and Homes of Manuscripts
James, M. R. (Montague Rhodes)
Book collecting; Books -- History -- 400-1450; Books -- History -- To 400; Manuscripts
three presses of Galba, Otho, and Vitellius were those in which the fire
did most mischief. No complete leaf is left of Genesis; there are bits
of blackened text and pictures, a few of which strayed to the library of
the Baptist College at Bristol. The text had been examined by competent
scholars for editions of the Greek Old Testament, and we are able to
judge of its value; but of the pictures, alas! no list or description
had been made. Still, something is known. An eminent French polymath,
the Sieur de Peiresc (whose life by P. Gassendi is well worth reading),
borrowed the book from Cotton, and had careful copies of one or two of
the illustrations made for him, and these exist. And a further
interesting fact has come out: by the help of our scanty relics a
student of art, Professor Tikkanen, of Helsingfors, in Finland, was able
to show that the designers of a long series of mosaic pictures from
Genesis in St. Mark's at Venice must have had before them either the
Cotton Genesis or its twin sister, so closely do the mosaics follow the
compositions in the MS.
In somewhat similar fashion, by gift from the reformer Theodore de Béze,
the University of Cambridge acquired its greatest Greek treasure, the
Codex Bezæ (D) of the Gospels and Acts in Elizabeth's reign. The riddles
which its text presents have exercised many brains, and I do not know
who would allow that they are finally solved. Another famous MS., the
unique Lexicon of Photius, was acquired by Thomas Gale, Dean of York,
early in the eighteenth century--one would like to know where. To my eye
it bears signs of having been long in Western Europe, if not in England.
Roger Gale gave it, with his own and his father's other MSS., to Trinity
College, Cambridge, in 1738. On the whole, however, Cambridge has not
been nearly so fortunate as Oxford in accumulating Greek books. Oxford
had a magnificent present in 1629 from its Chancellor, the Earl of
Pembroke, of 240 MSS. purchased in block from the Venetian Barocci, and
in 1817 made a great and wise purchase of 128 more, contained in the
collection of another Venetian, the Abate Canonici. In the interval such
diverse benefactors as Laud and Cromwell had enriched it with some very
notable gifts. The pedigree of one of Laud's MSS. may be familiar, but
is too illuminating to be omitted. It is a seventh-century copy of the
Acts of the Apostles in Greek and Latin. The earliest home to which we
can trace it is Sardinia; a document connected with that island is
written on a fly-leaf. Then we find indisputable evidence that Bede,
writing early in the eighth century, had access to it; he quotes in his
_Retractations_ on the Acts readings which are characteristic of it; and
as he never left his monastery in the North, we may be sure that the
book was at Jarrow or Wearmouth in his time. After that it disappears
until Laud buys it. Like many of his books, it came to him from Germany,
a spoil of the Thirty Years' War. These various _data_ are best linked
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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