Produced by David Kline, JoAnn Greenwood, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) [Transcriber's Note: In the original, chapter headings II-IX showed subtitles above chapter numbers, disagreeing with the display of numbers above subtitles on the Contents page and in chapter I. Those headings have been standardized. Line spacing in the original varied inconsistently from single to 1.5, making the identification of intended block quotes difficult. For consistency, only speeches, quotes and reprints from document texts that were contained entirely within whole paragraphs--with no other narrative material--were treated as block quotes in this project (Exception: beginning P. 430 "To My Countrymen...."; this quote continues over several remaining pages and sections to the end of the book, and was not blocked). Remaining transcriber's notes are at the end of the text.] [Illustration: POPE PIUS X.] The War Upon Religion Being an Account of the Rise and Progress of Anti-Christianism in Europe By Rev. Francis A. Cunningham Boston The Pilot Publishing Company 1911 * * * * * _Copyright 1911, By Rev. F. A. Cunningham._ * * * * * _Nihil Obstat_: David J. Toomey, Ph. D., S. T. D. Censor Deputatus. _Imprimatur_: _GULIELMUS Archiep. Boston._ * * * * * Contents CHAPTER I. THE EARLIER CRISES. Influence of the Reformation-- Jansenism-- The Abbey of Port Royal-- Quesnel-- The Bull "Unigenitus"-- Destructive Influence of Jansenism-- Not Quite Extinguished Even Yet-- Quietism-- Molinos and Madame Guyon-- Louis XIV. and Gallicanism-- The Gallican Liberties-- Resistance to Them-- Gallicanism One of the Chief Causes of Anti-Christianism in France-- Van Espen and the Pseudo-Canonists-- Johannes von Hontheim, Known as Febronius-- His Hostility to the Papal Supremacy-- Scipio di Ricci-- The Congress of Ems-- Joseph II. of Austria and the Josephine Schism-- Suppression of the Society of Jesus-- The Sophists-- Voltaire and the Encyclopaedists-- Freemasonry-- Neo-Paganism Page 1 CHAPTER II. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION.