The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip IIThompson, James Westfall
History
The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip II
Thompson, James Westfall
France -- History -- Wars of the Huguenots, 1562-1598; Sainte Ligue (1576-1593)
The resolution of the French government had forced the hand of the
Pontiff, who, however, consoled himself by the thought that either the
national council would not now take place, or that the Guises would
prevail in the States-General, so that the national council could
be silenced, if held.[218] The Pope figured that he would force the
Catholic princes to side with him, lest by hazarding a change of
religion in a national council they would also endanger their kingdoms.
Philip II concurred in this belief. A king so orthodox as he had not
failed to watch the course of the movement in France upon the ground of
religious interests. But the Spanish King had also a political interest
in France. His own Flemish and Dutch provinces were turbulent with
revolt, and Granvella wrote truly when he said that it was a miracle
that with the bad example of France, things were no worse in the Low
Countries.[219] Accordingly, Philip II sent Don Antonio de Toledo
into France to divert the French King from the idea of a national
council.[220] The means of persuasion were readily at hand, for the
French King was already far too compromised with Philip II to refuse
his request. After the arrest of the vidame of Chartres, Francis II, in
a long ciphered letter of August 31, 1560, to his ambassador in Spain,
had besought the Spanish king to be prepared to assist him, in case it
should be necessary.[221] To forefend the proposed national council,
Philip II now offered at his own expense to give the French aid in
suppressing all rebellion and schism.[222]
Warlike preparations accordingly went forward under cover of a proposed
intervention in Scotland,[223] which the uncertainty regarding Condé
and Antoine of Bourbon facilitated, for it was currently believed
that both the king of Navarre and the prince absented themselves from
court on purpose.[224] At the court the rumor prevailed that both
were plotting recourse to arms, so much so that on September 2 the
cardinal Bourbon was sent to them, desiring them in the name of the
King to repair to the court, which, on the next day, was moved from
Fontainebleau to St. Germain.[225] The marshal Brissac was transferred
from the government of Picardy to that of Normandy, and Du Bois, master
of the footmen, was instructed to conduct all the footmen he could levy
with great secrecy into Normandy, while all the men in the ordinary
garrison of Picardy and other frontier points were drawn in toward
Orleans.[226] At the same time the Rhinegrave was notified to come, but
met unexpected opposition.[227]
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