The Ways of a Worker of a Century Ago: as Shown by the Diary of Joseph Lye, ShoemakerGannon, Fred A.
History
The Ways of a Worker of a Century Ago: as Shown by the Diary of Joseph Lye, Shoemaker
Gannon, Fred A.
Labor -- United States; Lye, Joseph, 1792-1834; Lynn (Mass.); Working class -- United States
“In the afternoon was laid the corner stone of the Second
Congregational church (Unitarian) with appropriate ceremony. The
treasurer, William Badger, having deposited under it a 25 cent piece,
one half cent, a ten cent piece, an American coin and some newspapers
of the day, and the copper plate with the inscription: ‘There is one
God, one mediator between God and man, the man Jesus Christ. God
is no respector of persons but in every nation he that feareth Him
and worketh righteousness is acceptable.’ The other side: ‘Second
Congregational society of Lynn, maintaining in their fullest extent the
right of conscience and private judgment in Religion and the principles
of Universal Charity was established, and this house devoted to the
worship of the only true God, the Father of Jesus Christ, our Lord,
founded under their patronage in the year of the Christian Era 1822.
May God give thee increase.’”
Deep interest in religion was common among shoemakers of the time of
Lye. The Bible was kept in many a shop. The Sunday sermon was a chief
topic of debate among the shoemakers. The minister himself often called
at the shop. But these days there is no room in the shop for the Bible
and the minister never calls. There may be business wisdom in the
remark of a shoe man that each large manufacturing organization should
have a minister on its staff.
THE WAGES OF JOSEPH LYE.
For his useful toil Joseph Lye was content with a modest wage. He was
willing to turn his hand to most anything. He worked “as a shoemaker,
painter, fisherman and skipper of small boats. He cleaned the chimney,
set out posts, built fences, fixed the pump, caulked boats and helped
kill the neighbor’s pig.” He also was a farmer. Evidently he had
a good all around training which enabled him to adjust himself to
the circumstances of each day. He did not become a specialist in
shoemaking and limit his work to one branch of the shoe trade, as do
shoemakers of these days. He undertook most any work that came before
him. Yet he was not a plodder, living from day to day, for he took upon
himself responsible tasks and financial obligations. For example, in
April, 1822, he agreed to pay his mother $150 a year for the use of the
farm, comprising eight acres of tillage, two cows, a pasture and a wood
lot, as well as buildings.
He was taught his trade of shoemaking by his father, Joseph Lye, the
cordwainer and soldier of the Revolution. In turn he taught his brother
Robert to make shoes. He made mention of it in his diary. He was not
apprenticed to a master workman for seven years, or until he was 21, as
was the common practice of his time. His knack of painting, building
fences, fishing, sailing boats, and farming was picked up in his
boyhood life on his father’s farm. A task came before him. His father
showed him how to do it. He did it, and learned a lesson in the school
of experience.
He made frequent entries about his wages in his diary. For example:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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