Great Britain -- History -- Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066 -- Sources
I, Ine, by God’s grace, King of the West Saxons, with the counsel and
with the teaching of Cenred my father, and of Hedde my bishop [of
Winchester], and of Ercenwold my bishop [of London], and of all my
ealdormen, and the oldest witan of my people, and also of a great
assembly of the servants of God, have been considering concerning the
health of our soul, and concerning the stability of our realm; so that
right law and right kingly dooms might be settled and established
throughout our folk. And let no ealdorman nor any of our subjects after
this seek to turn aside any of these our dooms.
* * * * *
3. If a slave work on Sunday by his lord’s command, let him be free; and
let the lord pay 30 shillings as fine. But if the slave work without his
knowledge, let him suffer in his hide or by a fine to save his skin. But
if a freeman work on that day without his lord’s command, let him
forfeit his freedom or 60 shillings; and let a priest be doubly liable.
5. If any one be guilty of death, and he flee to a church, let him have
his life, and make amends as the law may direct him. If any one put his
skin in peril, and flee to a church, let the scourging be forgiven him.
6. ... If any one fight in an ealdorman’s house, or in any other
distinguished counsellor’s, let him make amends with 60 shillings, and
pay a second 60 shillings as fine....
8. If any one demand justice before a sheriff or other judge and cannot
obtain it, and a man will not give him security, let him make amends
with 30 shillings, and within seven days do him justice.
11. If any one sell his own countryman, slave or free, though he be
guilty, over sea, let him pay for him according to his value.
12. If a thief be seized, let him perish by death, or let his life be
redeemed according to his value.
14. He who is accused of brigandage, let him clear himself with 120
hides, or make amends accordingly.
19. A king’s retainer, if his value is 1,200 shillings, may swear for 60
hides if he be a communicant.
20. If a far-coming man, or a stranger, journey through a wood out of
the highway, and neither shout nor blow his horn, he is to be taken for
a thief, either to be slain or held to ransom.
21. If a man demand the value of the slain, he must declare that he slew
him for a thief; not the associates of the slain, nor his lord. But if
he conceal it, and after a time it become known, then he gives
opportunity for the oath for the dead man, that his kindred may
exculpate him.
23. If a foreigner be slain, the king has two parts of the value, a
third part his son or kinsmen. But if he be kinless, half the king, half
the gesith. If, however, it be an abbot or an abbess, let them divide in
the same wise with the king. A Welsh tenant, 120 shillings; his son, 100
shillings; a slave, 60 shillings; some with 50 shillings; a Welshman’s
hide with 12 shillings.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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