The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 17Dryden, John
General
The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 17
Dryden, John
English literature
By benefit of this, in little time he enlarged his knowledge to a great
extent in every science. Himself, in the beginning of the treatise which
he has composed of Content and Peace of Mind, makes mention of those
collections, or common places, which he had long since drawn together
for his own particular occasions; and it is from this rich cabinet that
he has taken out those excellent pieces which he has distributed to
posterity, and which give us occasion to deplore the loss of the residue,
which either the injury of time, or the negligence of copiers, have
denied to us. On this account, though we need not doubt to give him this
general commendation, that he was ignorant of no sort of learning, yet
we may justly add this farther,—that whoever will consider through the
whole body of his works, either the design, the method, or the contexture
of his discourses, whether historical or moral, or questions of natural
philosophy, or solutions of problems mathematical; whether he arraigns
the opinions of other sects, or establishes the doctrines of his own; in
all these kinds there will be found both the harmony of order, and the
beauty of easiness: his reasons so solid and convincing, his inductions
so pleasant and agreeable to all sorts of readers, that it must be
acknowledged he was master of every subject which he treated, and treated
none but what were improvable to the benefit of instruction. For we may
perceive in his writings the desire he had to imprint his precepts in
the souls of his readers, and to lodge morality in families, nay even to
exalt it to the thrones of sovereign princes, and to make it the rule
and measure of their government. Finding that there were many sects
of philosophers then in vogue, he searched into the foundation of all
their principles and opinions; and not content with this disquisition,
he traced them to their several fountains; so that the Pythagorean,
Epicurean, Stoic, and Peripatetic philosophy, were familiar to him. And
though it may be easily observed, that he was chiefly inclined to follow
Plato, whose memory he so much reverenced, that annually he celebrated
his birth-day, and also that of Socrates; yet he modestly contained
himself within the bounds of the latter academy, and was content, like
Cicero, only to propound and weigh opinions, leaving the judgment of
his readers free, without presuming to decide dogmatically. Yet it
is to be confessed, that in the midst of this moderation, he opposed
the two extremes of the Epicurean and Stoic sects; both which he has
judiciously combated in several of his treatises, and both upon the same
account,—because they pretend too much to certainty in their dogmas, and
to impose them with too great arrogance; which he, who, following the
Academists, doubted more and pretended less, was no way able to support.
The Pyrrhonians, or grosser sort of Sceptics, who bring all certainty in
question, and startle even at the notions of common sense, appeared as
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