Produced by Irma Spehar, Janet Blenkinship and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) THE WORLD IN CHAINS * * * * * But should we stay to speak, noontide would come, And thwart Silenus find his goats undrawn, And grudge to sing those wise and lovely songs Of Fate, and Chance, and God, and Chaos old, And Love, and the Chained Titan's woeful doom, And how he shall be loosed, and make the earth One brotherhood.... * * * * * THE WORLD IN CHAINS SOME ASPECTS OF WAR AND TRADE BY JOHN MAVROGORDATO M.A. LONDON: MARTIN SECKER NUMBER FIVE JOHN STREET ADELPHI _First Published 1917_ * * * * * IN MEMORIAM AMICORUM _R. F. C. GELDERD SOMERVELL IVAR CAMPBELL: T. R. A. H. NOYES: J. W. BAILEY_ QVI ANTE DIEM PERIERVNT * * * * * Note _There may be some exaggeration in this book. I firmly believe that England and her Allies entered this War with the noblest intentions. If I have done less than justice to these, it is because my chief purpose in this essay has been to express my equally firm belief that all these fine emotions have been and are being exploited by the basest forms of Imperialism and Capitalism._ _J. M._ _January 1st, 1917._ Contents CHAPTER I THE MASSACRE OF COLLEAGUES, 3 THE WIDENING SPHERE OF MORALITY, 4 THE RECEDING GOD, 6 THE PHILOSOPHER LOOKS AT SOCIETY, 8 HOMO HOMINI LUPUS, 8 TRIBE AGAINST TRIBE, 10 THE CITY STATE, 12 THE NATIONS OF EUROPE "FERAE NATURAE," 14 THE CONVENIENCE OF DIPLOMACY, 15 A NOTE ON DEMOCRACY, 18 DIPLOMACY NOT BAD IN ITSELF, 19 MANNERS NO SUBSTITUTE FOR MORALS, 21 WAR A MORAL ANACHRONISM, 21 CHAPTER II THE ARMAMENT RING, 27 EUGENICS? 29 PATRIOTISM, 31 THE MORAL TEST, 36 TRADE, 39 TRADE IN TIME OF PEACE, 42 DUTIES OF COMMERCE TO THE STATE, 44 RESTRICTED SPHERE OF GOVERNMENT CORRESPONDING TO RESTRICTED SPHERE OF MORALITY, 51 CHAPTER III