The world's leading conquerors : $b Alexander the Great, Cæsar, Charles the Great, the Ottoman sultans, the Spanish conquistadors, NapoleonBevan, Wilson Lloyd
History
The world's leading conquerors : $b Alexander the Great, Cæsar, Charles the Great, the Ottoman sultans, the Spanish conquistadors, Napoleon
Bevan, Wilson Lloyd
History; Kings and rulers
It only needed the outbreak of fresh disturbances in Italy to show
how imperfect had been the so-called pacification of the Saxons. When
Charles was drawn away beyond the Alps by an attempt to revive the
Lombard kingdom, his absence was immediately taken advantage of by the
Saxons, who rose in revolt against the Franks. Even the fortress at
Sigiburg was hard pressed. An imposing army was gathered by Charles
at Worms in 776, with which he crossed into Saxon territory and
again occupied Eresburg. His authority was soon restored. Bands of
Saxons comprising whole families came to the Frankish camp as humble
petitioners and willingly allowed themselves to be baptized. There were
evidently two parties among the Saxons, one willing to carry out the
conditions of peace, the other ready by any subterfuge to reject them.
The irreconcilable faction finally lost heart and withdrew.
In 777, Charles held in Paderborn his first general assembly; here
appeared Saxons from all parts of the land and solemnly pledged
themselves willingly to give up their freedom and their property if
they denied the Christian faith and broke their oath of allegiance. But
such verbal assurances were not more binding than they had been before.
More expeditions (779 and 780) were necessary, and in 780 specific
steps were taken to intensify the ecclesiastical organization already
felt as a burden by the unwilling converts. The land was divided into
parishes, and provision was made for systematic preaching and for the
administration of baptism.
Along with the expansion of the Church, the secular organization of the
Franks went hand in hand. The country was placed under the supervision
of counts, the leading Saxon chiefs being appointed to the positions.
In one of the capitularies assigned to this time, the slightest
deviation from Christianity is treated as a most serious crime. The
murder of a deacon is punished by death, while an assault on a count
only entails confiscation of property. Similar severity is exercised
against those who are guilty of sacrilege, who break into churches, or
who violate the rule of fasting.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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