Aeronautics -- United States -- Biography; Wright, Orville, 1871-1948; Wright, Wilbur, 1867-1912
Not many visitors came to the camp from near-by Kitty Hawk. One reason
for this was that the camp was considered dangerous after news got
about that the Wrights used a gasoline stove. “Bill” Tate was favorably
impressed, though, with an acetylene lamp, intended for a bicycle, that
the Wrights used for lighting. He said he had a notion to install such
a system of gas lighting in his house.
It was necessary to carry water about one thousand feet over the sand.
Orville volunteered to do the cooking--and he continued to do so during
all their experiments at Kitty Hawk. But he always felt that he had the
better of the bargain, for the dish-washing job was Wilbur’s. As it was
impossible to obtain fresh bread, Orville learned to make biscuits,
and without use of milk. They were good biscuits, too--better, his
father afterward insisted, than anyone else could make. To simplify
operations, Orville always mixed at one time enough flour and other dry
ingredients to last for several days, as biscuits had to be baked three
times daily.
Working together, the brothers soon had the glider assembled. When
completed it weighed about fifty-two pounds. Though the main spars were
only sixteen feet long, the “bows” at the ends of each wing surface
brought the total span to nearly seventeen and one-half feet. The
total lifting area was 165 square feet instead of 200 as intended. A
space eighteen inches wide at the center of the lower surface where
the operator would lie, with feet over the rear spar, was left free of
covering. The apparatus had no rear vanes or tail of any kind; but it
had two important features never used by previous experimenters. One
was the front rudder, or “elevator,” the rear edge of which was about
thirty inches from the nearest edge of the wings; the other was the
wing warping. By an ingenious arrangement of the trussing, the wings
could be twisted into a helicoidal warp from one end to the other, thus
exposing one wing to the air at a greater angle than the other. This
was to be used for bringing the machine back to the level after it was
tipped up sidewise by a gust of wind.
The Wrights’ first surprise at Kitty Hawk was that the winds there were
not what they had counted on. United States Weather Bureau reports
had led them to think they would have winds of about fifteen miles an
hour almost every day. But now it dawned on them that fifteen miles an
hour was simply the daily average for a month. Sometimes the wind was
sixty miles an hour, and the next day it would be entirely calm. It now
began to look as if they might frequently have to wait a few days for
suitable conditions, which meant that their experiments would require
more time than they had expected.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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