4. And now, if, on account of those expressions which occur in the Old Testament, as when God is said to be angry or to repent, or when any other human affection or passion is described, [our opponents] think that they are furnished with grounds for refuting us, who maintain that God is altogether impassible, and is to be regarded as wholly free from all affections of that kind, we have to show them that similar statements are found even in the parables of the Gospel; as when it is said, that he who planted a vineyard, and let it out to husbandmen, who slew the servants that were sent to them, and at last put to death even the son, is said in anger to have taken away the vineyard from them, and to have delivered over the wicked husbandmen to destruction, and to have handed over the vineyard to others, who would yield him the fruit in its season. And so also with regard to those citizens who, when the head of the household had set out to receive for himself a kingdom, sent messengers after him, saying, “We will not have this man to reign over us;”[201] for the head of the household having obtained the kingdom, returned, and in anger commanded them to be put to death before him, and burned their city with fire. But when we read either in the Old Testament or in the New of the anger of God, we do not take such expressions literally, but seek in them a spiritual meaning, that we may think of God as He deserves to be thought of. And on these points, when expounding the verse in the second Psalm, “Then shall He speak to them in His anger, and trouble them in His fury,”[202] we showed, to the best of our poor ability, how such an expression ought to be understood. Footnote 181: Matt. v. 48, 49. Footnote 182: Matt. vi. 9. Footnote 183: Matt. v. 34, 35. Footnote 184: Isa. lxvi. 1. Footnote 185: John ii. 16. Footnote 186: Matt. xxii. 32; cf. Ex. iii. 6. Footnote 187: Isa. xlv. 6. Footnote 188: Acts vii. Footnote 189: Matt. xxii. 37, 39, 40. Footnote 190: 2 Tim. i. 3. Footnote 191: 2 Cor. xi. 22. Footnote 192: Rom. i. 1-4. Footnote 193: 1 Cor. ix. 9, 10; cf. Deut. xxv. 4. Footnote 194: Eph. vi. 2, 3; cf. Ex. xx. 12. Footnote 195: John i. 18. Footnote 196: Col. i. 15. Footnote 197: John xiv. 9. Footnote 198: Ex. xxxiii. 20, cf. 23. Footnote 199: Aliud sit videre et videri, et aliud nôsse et nosci, vel cognoscere atque cognosci. Footnote 200: Matt. xi. 27. Footnote 201: Luke xix. 14. Footnote 202: Ps. ii. 5. CHAPTER V. ON JUSTICE AND GOODNESS.