_Sub-Order 3, Anaplura._--Wingless; no metamorphosis. The _Heteroptera_ are regarded as the highest of the three groups, followed by the _Homoptera_, while the _Anoplura_ constitute a somewhat aberrant series, and are somewhat in the same position as the fleas (_Aphaniptera_) are to the true _Diptera_. TABULAR VIEW OF THE PRINCIPAL FAMILIES OF THE HEMIPTERA. _Sub-Order 1.--Heteroptera._ TRIBE I.--GEOCORES OR LAND BUGS. Family 1. Scutelleridæ or Shield Bugs. Family 2. Coreidæ or Land Bugs. Family 3. Lygæidæ or Chinch Bugs. Family 4. Pyrrhocoridæ or Plant Bugs. Family 5. Capsidæ or Sap Bugs. Family 6. Tingididæ or Tree Bugs. Family 7. Cimicidæ or Bed Bugs. Family 8. Reduviidæ or Pirate Bugs. Family 9. Emesidæ or Wolf Bugs. TRIBE II.--HYDROCORES OR WATER BUGS. Family 10. Saldidæ or Water Jumpers. Family 11. Hydrometridæ or Skaters. Family 12. Gerridæ or Ocean Bugs. Family 13. Galgulidæ or Shark Bugs. Family 14. Nepidæ or Water Scorpions. Family 15. Notonectidæ or Water Boatmen. _Sub-Order 2.--Homoptera._ Family 1. Cicadidæ or Cicadas Flies. Family 2. Fulgoridæ or Lantern Flies. Family 3. Membracidæ or Horn Flies. Family 4. Cercopidæ or Froghoppers. Family 5. Tettigonidæ or Meadow Lice. Family 6. Ledridæ or Oak Lice. Family 7. Jassidæ or Elegant Lice. Family 8. Psyllidæ or Plant Lice. Family 9. Aphidæ or Aphides. Family 10. Aleyrodidæ or Powder Flies. Family 11. Coccidæ or Scale Insects. _Sub-Order 3.--Anoplura._ Family 1. Pediculidæ or True Lice. SUB-ORDER I.--HETEROPTERA. The _Heteroptera_ constitute the first sub-order of the _Hemiptera_. They include the True Bugs, an extensive group of very varied structure and habits. The greater part of the terrestrial species feed on plants, though some feed on the blood of animals, while the aquatic species are principally carnivorous in their habits. This sub-order is divided into two tribes. [Illustration: Fig. 80.--Graphosoma Lineatum (Mag.)] TRIBE I.--GEOCORES OR LAND BUGS. This tribe includes the terrestrial species of bugs. It is subdivided into fifteen families. [Illustration: Fig. 81.--Tectocoris Banksii.] _Family 1, Scutelleridæ._--This extensive family includes the greater portion of the largest and handsomest species of the Land Bugs. The insects live upon plants, trees, and shrubs, and feed upon the juices, which they suck out of the soft tissues, many of them especially attacking juicy fruits. The family is very well represented in the warmer parts of the world, where also the most beautifully coloured species are met with. One of the most handsome representatives in Europe is _Graphosoma lineatum_, which measures nearly half an inch in length. It is reddish in colour and is common on flowers, especially those of the _Umbelliferæ_, but is not met with in our own country. _Edessa cervus_ is a native of South America, and another pretty species.