The zoological gardens of Europe, their history and chief featuresPeel, C. V. A. (Charles Victor Alexander)
History
The zoological gardens of Europe, their history and chief features
Peel, C. V. A. (Charles Victor Alexander)
Zoos
In 1840 the Society numbered 700 members, and in 1841 the number
rose to 1,000. The members then agreed to pay double the former
subscription--_i.e._, twenty francs. The grounds had now increased to
the extent of three and a quarter acres. In 1843 M. Westerman, at the
request of the Council of Administration, was put at the head of the
Society, and accepted the entire control of it, which, in spite of his
age, he continued to hold until his death.
In May, 1850, the Gardens occupied nearly five acres, and in the same
year the Council instituted attractive concerts twice a week. In April,
1852, His Majesty the King paid a visit to the Gardens, with which he
was much pleased. He presented them with his portrait, and gave the
Society the name of ‘The Royal Zoological Society.’ In 1877 the last
enlargement of the premises was completed. The Society, after many
futile efforts, succeeded in obtaining from the Municipal Council a
piece of land, on condition that the Society should erect on the site
a large building, to be utilized as an aquarium, and that superior
instruction in Zoology should be given to the University of the town,
partly at the Society’s expense. In all, the extent of the Gardens was
increased to more than twenty-five acres, for which 463,369 francs were
paid.
In 1888, the year in which the Society held its fiftieth anniversary,
there were in the Gardens 378 animals of 141 different kinds, 2,009
birds of 462 different kinds, and 77 reptiles of 28 kinds.
The aquarium, opened in 1882, consists of a large and small hall, in
which are three big reservoirs containing sea water and fresh, pumped
in by machinery after having been well filtered. In the large hall will
be found sea-water tanks, the two fresh-water tanks being in the small
hall. There is a very rich collection of fish in them from all parts of
the world, and many others have been bred there. Besides contributing
to the enjoyment of the public, this aquarium is greatly used for
research work and the study of anatomy. Here Dr. Kerbert discovered
the hitherto unknown fish parasite, _Chromatophagus parasiticus_. This
aquarium is justly considered one of the most important institutions
of its kind in Europe. For the study of ethnography a large museum
has been built, in which is housed a fine collection of objects
appertaining to that subject. Another spacious room was built during
recent years for the rich collection of skeletons which the Society
possessed, containing the celebrated collections of G. and E. Vrolik
and the skeletons of animals which have died in the Gardens. The total
number of skulls and skeletons reaches 1,500, and they are exhibited on
long shelves.
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