6. Such is the country from which the Negroes are brought. We come next
to enquire, What sort of men they are, of what temper and behaviour,
not in our plantations, but in their native country. And here likewise
the surest way is to take our account from eye and ear-witnesses. Now
those who have lived in the _Senegal_ country observe, it is inhabited
by three nations, the _Jalofs_, _Fulis_ and _Mandingos_. The king
of the _Jalofs_ has under him several Ministers, who assist in the
exercise of justice, the Chief Justice goes in circuit through all
his dominions, to hear complaints and determine controversies. And
the Viceroy goes with him, to inspect the behaviour of the _Alkadi_,
or Governor of each village. The _Fulis_ are governed by their chief
men, who rule with much moderation. Few of them will drink any thing
stronger than water, being strict _Mahometans_. The government is
easy, because the people are of a quiet and good disposition; and so
well instructed in what is right, that a man who wrongs another is the
abomination of all.--They desire no more land than they use, which they
cultivate with great care and industry: if any of them are known to be
made Slaves by the white men; they all join to redeem them. They not
only support all that are old, or blind, or lame among themselves: but
have frequently supplied the necessities of the _Mandingos_, when they
were distrest by famine.
7. The _Mandingos_, says Mons. _Brue_, are right _Mahometans_, drinking
neither wine nor brandy. They are industrious and laborious, keeping
their ground well cultivated, and breeding a good stock of cattle.
Every town has a Governor, and he appoints the labour of the people.
The men work the ground designed for corn; the women and girls, the
rice-ground. He afterwards divides the corn and rice, among them:
and decides all quarrels, if any arise. All the Mahometan Negroes
constantly go to public prayers thrice a day: there being a Priest in
every village, who regularly calls them together: and it is surprising
to see the modesty, attention and reverence which they observe during
their worship--These three nations practise several trades; they have
Smiths, Sadlers, Potters and Weavers. And they are very ingenious
at their several occupations. Their Smiths not only make all the
instruments of iron, which they have occasion to use, but likewise work
many things neatly in gold and silver. It is chiefly the women and
children who weave fine cotton cloth, which they dye blue and black.
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