Church of England -- Sermons; Conscience; Obedience; Sermons, English -- 18th century; Trinity -- Early works to 1800
those to whom He lends them, but because he hath assigned every man his
particular station to be useful in life, and this for the reason given by
the Apostle, “that there may be no schism in the body.”
From hence may partly be gathered the nature of that subjection which we
all owe to one another. God Almighty hath been pleased to put us into an
imperfect state, where we have perpetual occasion of each other’s
assistance. There is none so low as not to be in a capacity of assisting
the highest, nor so high as not to want the assistance of the lowest.
It plainly appears, from what hath been said, that no one human creature
is more worthy than another in the sight of God, further than according
to the goodness or holiness of their lives; and that power, wealth, and
the like outward advantages, are so far from being the marks of God’s
approving or preferring those on whom they are bestowed, that, on the
contrary, He is pleased to suffer them to be almost engrossed by those
who have least title to His favour. Now, according to this equality
wherein God hath placed all mankind with relation to Himself, you will
observe that in all the relations between man and man there is a mutual
dependence, whereby the one cannot subsist without the other. Thus no
man can be a prince without subjects, nor a master without servants, nor
a father without children. And this both explains and confirms the
doctrine of the text; for where there is a mutual dependence there must
be a mutual duty, and consequently a mutual subjection. For instance,
the subject must obey his prince, because God commands it, human laws
require it, and the safety of the public makes it necessary; for the same
reasons we must obey all that are in authority, and submit ourselves not
only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward, whether they rule
according to our liking or not. On the other side, in those countries
that pretend to freedom, princes are subject to those laws which their
people have chosen; they are bound to protect their subjects in liberty,
property, and religion, to receive their petitions and redress their
grievances, so that the best prince is, in the opinion of wise men, only
the greatest servant of the nation—not only a servant to the public in
general, but in some sort to every man in it. In the like manner a
servant owes obedience, and diligence, and faithfulness to his master,
from whom, at the same time, he hath a just demand for protection, and
maintenance, and gentle treatment. Nay, even the poor beggar hath a just
demand of an alms from the rich man, who is guilty of fraud, injustice,
and oppression if he does not afford relief according to his abilities.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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