Three textile raw materials and their manufacture — John Shaqi
Three textile raw materials and their manufactureInternational Acceptance Bank
Science
Three textile raw materials and their manufacture
International Acceptance Bank
Textile fabrics; Textile fibers; Textile industry
The Noble circular comb is the most generally used combing machine.
Other types are the Lister, the Holden, and the Heilmann. The Noble
comb is a compact circular structure standing at a height of about
three feet from the floor, with a steam box underneath it. (Heat
greatly facilitates the process.) There are two smaller circles
inside the main circumference which are tangent to the outer circle
at opposite points of its diameter. All rotate in the same direction.
Seventy-two slivers are rolled up in creels on the outside of the
main circle and are automatically fed on to the tangental points.
A dabbing brush pushes the slivers down between the points of the
two circles. As the circles draw apart the long fibres are left
protruding from the inner edge of the outer circle and the outer
edge of the inner circles. They travel thus until they are gripped
by vertical rollers set to catch them. After passing the rollers
the wool is lifted off the pins of the circles by knives. The four
ribbons of combed fibres (two from the outer and one from each of the
inner circles) are condensed into a single beautiful even band which
coils itself softly into a revolving can. What remains is the waste
or noil.
[Sidenote: _Gilling the Top_]
The top, as it comes from the comb, is again put through a series of
several gill boxes with the object of further drawing it out. Once
again several slivers are combined into one in each process. At the
end of this gilling the top is coiled in balls and allowed to rest.
We have now reduced the wool to its real worsted basis. The noils
have been taken out, and the balls of top are ready to be sent to the
spinner to be spun into worsted yarn.
5. SPINNING
[Sidenote: _Drawing_]
The first processes in a spinning mill very closely approximate
the last operations in the combing plant. The tops are usually
gilled several times before weighing, and then are put through
several drawing machines in which, as heretofore, several slivers
are condensed into one. In the last of these machines there are
no fallers, the entire process consisting of two sets of rollers
revolving at different speed. Each operation results in a slightly
finer sliver, and the number of machines through which the material
is drawn is determined by the fineness of the yarn desired.
[Sidenote: _French_]
[Sidenote: _English_]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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