Through a Microscope: Something of the Science, Together with many Curious Observations Indoor and Out and Directions for a Home-made Microscope. — John Shaqi
Through a Microscope: Something of the Science, Together with many Curious Observations Indoor and Out and Directions for a Home-made Microscope.Wells, Samuel
History
Through a Microscope: Something of the Science, Together with many Curious Observations Indoor and Out and Directions for a Home-made Microscope.
Wells, Samuel
Microscopes; Microscopy; Natural history
Be careful to get just the focus. You are now ready to see the general
form of the flower. At the base is a little body with roughened sides
and slightly narrowed above (the ovary). Springing from the top of the
ovary are a number of fine bristles (the pappus). Inside the bristles is
a yellow portion, tubular below and flat above (the corolla).
Projecting from the tube of the corolla is a little yellow rod (the top
of the stamens joined together); and coming from among the stamens are
two slender recurved organs (the stigmas).
Now take a mounted needle in each hand and holding one needle on the
flat part of the corolla split open the tubular part with the other. By
keeping the lower part spread open with the needles, you will see that a
number of delicate yellow threads grow from the sides of the corolla and
are connected with the yellow stamen rod. These threads are another part
of the stamens. In the middle of the flower is a single thread-like
organ (the style) which comes from the top of the ovary and passing
through the stamens projects beyond them, divided into two stigmas.
Most of my readers have probably studied enough botany to know the names
of the different parts of a flower, but very likely many of them do not
recognize the parts of the Dandelion flower as looking anything like the
parts of the flower with which they are familiar.
Before proceeding further, therefore let us take a Morning-Glory
flower--which you all know and can easily obtain, or at least some
flower like it--and let us see that the parts of the two correspond.
Commencing in the centre we find in both a pistil, consisting of an
ovary at the base and a stigma at the top and a style between. In the
Dandelion the stigma is split in halves, while in the morning-glory it
is not split but has three little knobs. Around the pistil come the
stamens in each case. Each stamen is composed of two parts: a slender
stem (the filament) and a little sac at the end (the anther) which is
filled with pollen dust. In both cases the filaments grow out of the
sides of the corolla. But while in the Morning-Glory the anthers are
entirely free from one another, in the Dandelion they are joined
together by their sides and form a tube around the style. The corolla in
both cases is all of one piece, but in the Dandelion it is as if the
upper part of the corolla were split open one side and then made flat.
Instead of a green calyx as in the Morning-Glory, the Dandelion has a
number of delicate white bristles. And, finally, in the Morning-Glory
both the calyx and corolla grow out from below the ovary, while in the
Dandelion its calyx of bristles and its corolla issue from above the
ovary. So after all, you will see that corresponding organs are in both,
and the difference between the two flowers is not so great as one might
think at first.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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