Through Bosnia and the Herzegóvina on foot during the insurrection, August and September 1875Evans, Arthur, Sir
History
Through Bosnia and the Herzegóvina on foot during the insurrection, August and September 1875
Evans, Arthur, Sir
Bosnia and Herzegovina -- Description and travel; Bosnia and Herzegovina -- History -- Rebellion of 1875
Rome, with her usual attributes of helmet, spear, and shield, is
enthroned as a goddess. To her right two more female figures,
distinguished by scrolls as Constantinople and Carthage, hold wreaths in
their hands and look towards Rome. On her left, two other goddess-cities
do the same; one is Nicomedia, the other Siscia. The carving is probably
fourth-century work; and certainly, exalted as is the position claimed
on it for Siscia, it is almost borne out by her coinage of the same
period, for the activity of her mint shows that her commercial splendour
was still at its zenith down to at least the days of Theodosius the
Great; while the coins of her rival Sirmium wax fewer and fewer, and
finally cease altogether. For Sirmium may have been of greater value as
a military station,[166] and perhaps a pleasanter residence for emperors
and bishops, and therefore of greater administrative importance, and of
more frequent mention by historians; but that she was a greater city than
Siscia—as is so confidently assumed by some writers—may reasonably be
doubted, and the very bustle of Siscian markets may have deterred princes
from fixing here their court.
The comparatively high state of Siscian civilisation is also attested
by her coins—those superb medallions of gold and silver—those gems of
the fourth-century monetary art that stand out among the poorer products
of mints Gallic and Britannic. But what distinguishes the Siscian coins
as much as their workmanship is their peculiarly Christian character.
It is here that the first purely Christian type—that, namely, which
alludes to the vision of Constantine, first makes its appearance—indeed,
during the fourth century the sacred monogram may almost be regarded as
a Siscian mint-mark. And we know from other sources that Christianity
had early struck root here; for not only is its existence attested by two
sepulchral inscriptions of Roman date discovered here, but its vitality
is celebrated by a relation of Jerome and a hymn of Prudentius,[167]
recording the martyrdom of a Siscian citizen and bishop, Quirinus:—
Insignem meriti virum
Quirinum placitum Deo,
Urbis mœnia Sisciæ
Concessum sibi martyrem
Complexu patrio fovent.
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