British, capital of, invested in Argentine railways, 197-198; residing in Buenos Aires, 203; club life of, Buenos Aires, 207-208; investments of, in Argentine land, 219; in Patagonia, 224; as investors in Montevideo, 231. British Guiana, 426, 427-428. Bucarmanga, Colombia, 397. Buenaventura, Colombia, 397. Buenos Aires, first settlement on site of, 113; pride of citizens of, in their city, 194-195; in character similar to Chicago, 198-199; impressive dock system of, 199-200; commerce of, 200-201; the æsthetic side of, 201-202; influence of Paris on the culture, dress, and customs of, 202-203; foreign colonies in, 203; patriotism of citizens of, 203-204; newspapers of, 204-205; places of amusement, opera, cafés, etc., of, 205-206; club life in, 207-210; the Jockey Club, 208-210; contrasts of prodigality and destitution in, 211; narrowness of streets, 212-213; expense of living in, 213; a well-appointed city in all respects, 213-214. Buenos Aires, Province of, 197. Buenos Aires, University of, 198. Buenos Aires, Viceroyalty of, 116. Bull, papal, dividing New World between Spain and Portugal, 14, 17. Caaguazú Mountains, 241. Cabot, Sebastian, 31-32. Cabral, Pedro Alvarez, 18. Cacao trees, Ecuador, 356-357. Cafés, at Belém, 152-153; at Rio de Janeiro, 171; Buenos Aires, 211-212. Callao, description of, 318-319. Cape Horn, 225-226. Caquetá River, 376. Carabobo, State of, 406. Caracas, Venezuela, 409-414. Carriage parade, Buenos Aires, 210. Cartagena, Colombia, 90, 392-396. Cartier, Jacques, 22. Casapalca, town of, 331. Casas, Bartolomé de las, 86, 402-403. Castro, Cipriano, 421, 422-423. Castro, Vaca de, 83, 86. Cattle-raising, in Rio Grande do Sul, 186; in Argentina, 191, 216; in Uruguay, 235. Cauca River, 376, 391. Cauchi tribe of Indians, 47. Caupolican, Araucanian chief, 102-103, 106, 107, 108. Cayenne, Island of, 428. Cedar from Colombia, 380. Century plant in Ecuador, 354. Chacabuco, battle of, 125, 279. Chachacomani, Mt., 258. Chaco region, 218, 226, 240. Charrúa Indians, 237. Chaves, Francisco, 84. Chibcha Indians, 94-95. Chicago, comparison of Buenos Aires and, 199, 201-202. Chile, Almagro leads a force into, 76; Valdivia undertakes conquest of, 82; Spanish wars in attempts to conquer native tribes of, 97-112; War of Independence in, 124-126; proclamation of independence of, 126; the matter of a name for, 275-276; shape, location, and area, 276-277; commerce, 277; mountains, passes, and other surface features, 278-288; nitrate of soda deposits, 288-292; cities, 293-307; war between Peru and, 297; islands of southern, 307 ff.; mountain ranges along Strait of Magellan, 310-313. Chiloé, Island of, 286, 307. Chiloé, Province of, 286. Chimborazo, Mt., 365-366. Chincona trees, 263. Chonos Archipelago, 307. Christ of the Andes, the, 222-223.