A somewhat undignified controversy ensued. The French astronomers,
very naturally, were eager to claim all the laurels for their
brilliant countryman, and were indignant when a claim was put in on
behalf of a young Englishman whose name had never previously been
heard of. Airy, however, displayed more vigour in this petty squabble
than in the search for Neptune, and presented such evidence in support
of his fellow-countryman's right to recognition that it was impossible
to deny him the honour which, but for official slackness, would have
fallen to him as the actual as well as the potential discoverer of the
new planet. Adams himself took no part in the strife; spoke, indeed,
no words on the matter, except to praise the abilities of Leverrier,
and gave no sign of the annoyance which most men in like circumstances
would have displayed.
Galle suggested that the new planet should be called Janus; but the
name of the two-faced god was felt to be rather too pointedly suitable
at the moment, and that of Neptune was finally preferred. Neptune
is about 32,900 miles in diameter, his distance from the sun is
2,792,000,000 miles, and he occupies 165 years in the circuit of his
gigantic orbit. The spectroscopic evidence, such as it is, seems to
point to a condition somewhat similar to that of Uranus.
Neptune had only been discovered seventeen days when Lassell found him
to be attended by one satellite. First seen on October 10, 1846, it
was not till the following July that the existence of this body
was verified by Lassell himself and also by Otto Struve and Bond
of Harvard. From the fact that it is visible at such an enormous
distance, it is evident that this satellite must be of considerable
size--probably at least equal to our own moon.
Small instruments can make nothing of Neptune beyond, perhaps,
distinguishing the fact that, whatever the tiny disc may be, it is
not that of a star. His satellite is an object reserved for the very
finest instruments alone.
Should Neptune have any inhabitants, their sky must be somewhat barren
of planets. Jupiter's greatest elongation from the sun would be about
10°, and he would be seen under somewhat less favourable conditions
than those under which we see Mercury; while the planets between
Jupiter and the sun would be perpetually invisible. Saturn and Uranus,
however, would be fairly conspicuous, the latter being better seen
than from the earth.
Suspicions have been entertained of the existence of another planet
beyond Neptune, and photographic searches have been made, but hitherto
without success. So far as our present knowledge goes, Neptune is the
utmost sentinel of the regular army of the solar system.
CHAPTER XIII
COMETS AND METEORS
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