There is one type of celestial object which seldom fails to stir up
the mind of even the most sluggishly unastronomical member of the
community and to inspire him with an interest in the science--an
interest which is usually conspicuous for a picturesque inaccuracy
in the details which it accumulates, for a pathetic faith in the most
extraordinary fibs which may be told in the name of science, and for
a subsidence which is as rapid as the changes in the object which gave
the inspiration. The sun may go on shining, a perpetual mystery and
miracle, without attracting any attention, save when a wet spring
brings on the usual talk of sun-spots and the weather; Jupiter
and Venus excite only sufficient interest to suggest an occasional
question as to whether that bright star is the Star of Bethlehem; but
when a great comet spreads its fiery tail across the skies everybody
turns astronomer for the nonce, and normally slumber-loving people
are found willing, or at least able, to desert their beds at the
most unholy hours to catch a glimpse of the strange and mysterious
visitant. And, when the comet eventually withdraws from view again, as
much inaccurate information has been disseminated among the public as
would fill an encyclopædia, and require another to correct.
Comets are, however, really among the most interesting of celestial
objects. Though we no longer imagine them to foretell wars, famines,
and plagues, or complacently to indicate the approbation of heaven
upon some illustrious person deceased or about to decease, and have
almost ceased to shiver at the possibilities of a collision between a
comet and the earth, they have within the last half century taken on a
new and growing interest of a more legitimate kind, and there are few
departments of science in which the advance of knowledge has been more
rapid or which promise more in the immediate future, given material to
work upon.
The popular idea of a comet is that it is a kind of bright wandering
star with a long tail. Indeed, the star part of the conception is
quite subsidiary to the tail part. The tail is _the_ thing, and a
comet without a tail is not worthy of attention, if it is not rather
guilty of claiming notice on false pretences. As a matter of fact, the
tail is absent in many comets and quite inconspicuous in many more;
and a comet may be a body with any degree of resemblance or want of
resemblance to the popular idea, from the faint globular stain of
haze, scarcely perceptible in the telescopic field against the dark
background of the sky, up to a magnificent object, which, like the
dragon in the Revelation, seems to draw the third part of the stars
of heaven after it--an object like the Donati comet of 1858, with a
nucleus brighter than a first-magnitude star, and a tail like a great
feathery plume of light fifty millions of miles in length. It seems
as impossible to set limits to the variety of form of which comets are
capable as it is to set limits to their number.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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