Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
=C. rivulo´sa= Pers.—_rivus_, a stream. (Named from rivulet-like streaks
on pileus.) =Pileus= 1–3 in. across, flesh thin, convex then plane and
depressed, obtuse, often undulately lobed, dingy flesh-color or reddish,
becoming pale, glabrous, then covered with a whitish down. =Gills=
slightly decurrent, broad, rather crowded, pinkish-white. =Stem= about 2
in. long, 3–4 lines thick, rather fibrillose, tough, elastic, whitish,
stuffed. =Spores= elliptical, 6×3.5µ. _Massee._
Among grass by road-sides, etc.
Not common, but when found it is basket-filling. I have found it in
Pennsylvania, New Jersey and West Virginia.
Edible. The caps are rather tough but become glutinous and tender when
well cooked. Flavor fine.
***** _Pileus white, shining when dry._
=C. cerussa´ta= Fr.—_cerussa_, white lead. =Pileus= 1½-3 in. across,
flesh thick at the disk, becoming thin toward the margin; convex then
almost plane, obtuse, even, minutely floccose then almost glabrous,
white. =Gills= adnate, then decurrent, very much crowded, thin,
permanently white. =Stem= about 2 in. long, 3–5 lines thick, smooth,
tough, elastic, naked, spongy and solid, white. Among dead leaves, etc.
Taste mild, smell almost obsolete. Stem rather thickened at the base and
often tomentose. Pileus said to be gibbous, but not umbonate nor
becoming rufescent. Gills not changing to yellowish. _Fries._
=Spores= 3µ _W.G.S._
Edible. Good.
=C. phylloph´ila= Fr. _Gr._—leaf-loving. Whitish-tan. =Pileus= 1–3 in.
across, rather fleshy, convex then plane, becoming umbilicate and
depressed, sometimes wavy, smooth and even. =Gills= thin, subdistant,
white then tinged with ocher, rather broad, very slightly decurrent.
=Stem= 2–3 in. long, equal, stuffed then hollow, whitish, tough,
silky-fibrillose. =Spores= 6×4µ.
Among leaves in woods, etc.
=Spores= 6×4µ _Massee_; 6×3µ _W.G.S._; 5.5×2.8µ _Morgan_.
Found at Devon, Pa., 1888; Angora, West Philadelphia, 1897. It is equal
to the Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) in texture, but not so high
in flavor. Well cooked it is an agreeable and valuable food.
=C. pithyoph´ila= Secr. _Gr._—pine-loving. =Pileus= 2–3 in. broad,
dead-white when moist, shining whitish when dry, fleshy but _thin_,
rather plane, _umbilicate_, at length irregularly shaped, repand and
undulato-lobed, even, _smooth, flaccid_, the margin slightly striate
when old. =Stem= _somewhat hollow_, rounded then compressed, equal,
even, smooth, obsoletely or scarcely pruinose at the apex, white
tomentose at the (not bulbous) base. =Gills= adnate, somewhat decurrent,
_very crowded_, plane, 2–3 lines broad, distinct, quite entire, white.
Odor not remarkable, but pleasant. Gregarious, somewhat cespitose;
_white_ indeed, but when moist watery and _somewhat hygrophanous_, in
which it evidently differs from A. phyllophila. A. tuba, which appears
in the same places, is very like it. _Stevenson._
=Spores= 6–7×4µ _B._
Massachusetts, _Sprague_; New York, _Peck_, Bull. 1887.
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