Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
=C. decas´tes= Fr. _Gr._—a decade; a number of ten. From the stems being
often joined in bundles of about ten. Densely cespitose. =Pileus= 5–12
in. across, soon almost plane, disk gibbous or obtuse; margin at first
shortly incurved, then expanded, very much waved and often lobed, even,
glabrous, dingy-brown or livid when moist, pale clay-color when dry.
=Flesh= exceedingly thin except at the disk, whitish. =Stem= 4–7 in.
long, ½-1½ in. thick, usually slightly thinner upward, rather soft,
entirely fibrous, solid, white, usually curved and ascending, coalescent
into a solid mass at the base. =Gills= adnato-decurrent, or often more
or less adnexed, up to ½ in. broad, rather narrowed towards the margin,
often wavy. =Spores= globose, smooth, 4µ diameter.
On the ground and on sawdust.
Albion, Orleans county, N.Y., _Dr. Cushing_. October, 1898.
On ground in grassy places (Woodland Cemetery, May 22, 1897).
_McIlvaine._
Particularly welcome to toadstool lovers are the early comers. The
present species is among the first. It is rich in quantity, substance
and flavor.
=C. mul´ticeps= Pk.—_multus_, many; _caput_, a head. (Plate XXVII_a_, p.
94.) =Pileus= fleshy, thin except on the disk, firm, convex, slightly
moist in wet weather, whitish, grayish or yellowish-gray. =Flesh= white,
taste mild. =Gills= close, adnate and slightly decurrent, whitish.
=Stems= densely cespitose, equal or slightly thickened at the base,
solid or stuffed, firm, elastic, slightly pruinose at the apex, whitish.
=Spores= globose, 5–8µ.
=Pileus= 1–3 in. broad. =Stem= 2–4 in. long, 3–6 lines thick.
Open places, grassy ground, etc. Albany and Sandlake. June and October.
This species forms dense tufts, often composed of many individuals. In
this respect it is related to such species as C. tumulosa, C. aggregata
and C. illudens. From the crowding together of many individuals the
pileus is often irregular. Sometimes the disk is brownish and
occasionally slightly silky. The gills are sometimes slightly sinuate,
thus indicating a relationship to the species of Tricholoma. The taste,
though mild, is somewhat oily and unpleasant. The plants appear in wet,
rainy weather, either early in the season or in autumn. Specimens have
been sent to me from Massachusetts by R.K. Macadam and Professor Farlow,
and from Pennsylvania by Dr. W. Herbst. _Peck_, 43d Rep. N.Y. State Bot.
West Virginia, New Jersey, Mt. Gretna, Pa. In May, and in autumn months.
Very variable in size, color, shape of gills, texture and taste.
_McIlvaine._
The early spring clusters are remarkable for their tenderness and
excellence. Clusters of hundreds of individuals grew abundantly at Mt.
Gretna in May, 1899. When the fungus was young the gills were sometimes
adnate, almost free, often decurrent. The varying color of oysters is
well seen in C. multiceps.
Edible. They should be well cooked. The addition of a little lemon juice
or sherry conceals a slight raw taste sometimes present.
[Illustration:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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