Tobacco: Growing, Curing, & Manufacturing: A Handbook for Planters in All Parts of the World
Science
Tobacco: Growing, Curing, & Manufacturing: A Handbook for Planters in All Parts of the World
Tobacco; Tobacco industry
An experienced Missouri grower, named Pursley, remarks that there “are
more than twenty distinct varieties, of which I will only mention the
most valuable:—The Yellow Prior, Blue Prior, Orinoco, Little Frederic,
Big Frederic, Cuba, and Spanish tobacco. These are considered the most
valuable in this State. The Yellow Prior and Orinoco are the most
profitable.
“I prefer the Yellow Prior, as it is the easiest cultivated and is the
most fine and smooth of the many varieties. Some growers prefer the
Orinoco, on account of it being the heaviest. I do not for various
reasons: it has large stiff fibres and ruffled stalks, which afford
hiding-places for insects; it moulds easier, is harder to cure, and
generally does not bring as good a price as the Yellow Prior.”
_Seed._—The best and strongest plants are selected for affording seed.
These are not “topped” like the remainder of the crop, and are left
standing when the crop is gathered. All suckers are carefully removed
from the stems, and sometimes from the leaves also. When the crop is
cut, the seed-stalks should be staked, to prevent their destruction by
the wind. As soon as the seed-pods blacken, the seed is ripe; the heads
are then cut off below the forks of the plant, and are hung in a dry and
safe place to cure. Care must be taken to gather them before frost has
impaired their vitality. During leisure time, the pods are stripped from
the stalks, and the seed is rubbed out by hand, and winnowed. Its
vitality is proved by its crackling when thrown upon a hot stove.
_Seed-beds._—A very light friable soil is necessary for the seed-beds;
to obtain this, it should be broken up to a depth of 1½ ft. some months
before the sowing season. A drain is dug around the beds, and the soil
is utilized in raising the surface. In America, a very warm and
sheltered situation, such as the south end of a barn, is selected for
the seed-beds. It is a common plan there to burn a brush-heap over the
ground, thus supplying potash and killing weeds. The time for sowing in
America is usually from the middle of March to the 10th of April, or as
soon as the ground admits of working in the spring; in India, it depends
upon the locality: when the monsoon rains are very heavy, it should
follow them; in other cases, it may precede them.
Unless the soil be very rich in humus, it should be heavily manured with
well-preserved farmyard manure soon after breaking up. The soil of a
tobacco nursery cannot contain too much organic matter; the presence of
much humus will prevent, to a great extent, the formation of a surface
crust, which is so detrimental to the development of the plants during
their early growth, and will also facilitate the extraction of the
plants when transplanting takes place. After a few weeks have elapsed,
the soil should be dug over a second time, and the whole be reduced to a
fine tilth. The land may now remain untouched until the sowing-time,
unless weeds should spring up: these must be eradicated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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