Tobacco in Colonial Virginia: "The Sovereign Remedy"Herndon, G. Melvin
History
Tobacco in Colonial Virginia: "The Sovereign Remedy"
Herndon, G. Melvin
Tobacco -- Virginia -- History; Virginia -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775
The first general inspection law in Virginia was passed in 1619 and
provided that all tobacco offered for exchange at the magazine, the
general storehouse in Jamestown, found to be very "mean" in quality by
the magazine custodian was to be burnt. The magazine was abolished in
1620 and in 1623 this law was amended to provide for the appointment of
sworn men in each settlement to condemn all bad tobacco.
In 1630 an act was passed prohibiting the sale or acceptance of
inferior tobacco in payment of debts. The commander of each plantation
or settlement was authorized to appoint two or three experienced and
competent men to help him inspect all tobacco, offered in payment of
debts, which had been found "mean" by the creditor. If the inspectors
declared the tobacco mean, the inferior tobacco was burned and the
delinquent planter was disbarred from planting tobacco. Only the
General Assembly could remove this disability. Owing to complaints that
the commanders were showing partiality to planters on their own
plantations, the act was amended in 1632; the commander's power of
inspection was removed and his duty was limited to appointing two
inspectors and making the final report. The appointment of inspectors
was made compulsory in case of a complaint.
The following year (1633) a more comprehensive measure was enacted. It
provided that all inspections were to be made at five different points
in the colony: James City, Shirley Hundred Island, Denbigh, Southampton
River in Elizabeth City, and Cheskiack. Storehouses were to be built at
these places and all tobacco was to be brought to these storehouses
before the last day of December of each year. At these storehouses the
tobacco was to be carefully inspected and all of the bad tobacco
separated from the good and burned. This duty was to be performed once
each week by inspectors under oath, one of whom was to be a member of
the Council. All tobacco found in the barns of the planters after
December 31 was to be confiscated, unless reserved for family use. All
of those planning to keep tobacco for that purpose were required to
swear to this fact before the proper officials before December 31. All
debts were to be paid at one of these five storehouses, with the
storekeeper as a witness. Before the end of the year (1633) two other
such storehouses were authorized to be built,--one at Warrasquoke and
the other at a point lying between Weyanoke and the Falls. In addition
to the Councillors, members of the local courts were added as
inspectors. The provision requiring the burning of unmerchantable
tobacco may have been enforced, but the storehouses were never built.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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