To accomplish a hike in the most approved form the arrangement of meals
and travel should be varied somewhat from the conventional customs. A
fairly early morning start should be made with but two meals in view--a
ten a. m. breakfast and a five p. m. supper with perhaps a brief midday
pause and a prepared lunch. This gives the man who cooks his own meals a
long stretch of time for getting over the ground without the worry and
time of cooking a noonday repast.
A nine to ten hour sleep is none too little for anyone enjoying the
healthful outdoor life, in fact the increased amount of sleep that one
seems to require is one of the upbuilding features of such a trip and
is not to be cut short for any reason. The amount of sleep needed is of
course subject to individual peculiarities.
In real hot weather start at daybreak and you can get in a half day’s
journey by the time the sun is hot. Slow down at the heat of day and
hunt a shady retreat. On such days drink but little water and have it
pure. One will perspire freely, which is good, for this is Nature’s way
of cooling the body by evaporation: if one stops sweating there is real
danger of heat stroke.
In wilderness travel the most dependable guides are the compass,
combining with the North Star by night or the sun by day. Night travel
is based on the North or Polar Star as the infallible guide. It is
located by means of the big dipper which should be known to everyone.
The two stars farthest from the handle and lowest are nearly in line and
are called the “pointers.”
Of course, if the sun is shining you will have a reliable guide to
direction, depending on the time of day.
The seasoned woods traveler goes principally by direction and he has
developed to a higher or lesser degree the “bump” of locality or
instinct of direction developed by his trained close observation. He
gets the lay of the land, noting little things which are unusual, such
as rocks, trees, sounds, course of stream flow, flora and fauna of the
country and then he travels north, east, south and west of some special
landmark, as a river, mountain, lake, etc. The use of the compass, North
Star, etc., is much preferable to travel by landmarks, for north is
always north whereas two landmarks may look alike and hence bewildering.
If you expect to retrace your steps you should look frequently backward
and impress the salient features of the landscape on your memory such as
a cliff here, a distorted tree there, and the like.
In such a region, too, one should blaze the trail by chipping the bark
off trees at intervals along the way and on both sides of the tree if
one is to retrace the route. In a country covered by bushes blaze the
trail by bending over a green bush in the direction in which you are
going, snapping the stem or chopping it with an axe: the top pointing
away from the trail. The underside of the leaves being of lighter shade
than the upper marks such a sign conspicuously in the wilderness.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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