April xxv. We begin to rise by five this morning, and after dispatching our baggage take leave of _Mahomet effendi_, to whose singular humanity and hospitality we had hitherto been so much obliged. As we were riding thro the city, it was pleasant to recollect something of the ancient history of this place, whose present state we had seen the day before. It there occurred to us, that this was that _Magnesia_, which of all the Asian cities[19] made the first submission to the Roman arms, after the defeat of _Antiochus_ by _Scipio_. This likewise was that _Magnesia_, which entered into a league offensive and defensive with the city of _Smyrna_ in the reign of _Seleucus_ son of _Antiochus Theus_, whereby the inhabitants of the one were mutually made free of the other city; and whereas public monuments of this confederacy were by agreement of both parties to be erected in different places, one of them, which was set up by the _Smyrneans_, is now to be seen in the gallery at _Oxford_, inscribed on a large flat marble pillar[20]. There now scarce occur any reliques of antiquity in _Magnesia_, except that we observed several Ionic and Corinthian pillars in the court of an old _mosque_, held in great veneration by the Turks for the burial of _Hasánogli_, a person famous in the history of that nation. Over one of the entrances into the same court there is to be seen a broken inscription of an antient heathen temple, tho too high to be now legible; and on a stone step, placed before the principal _mosque_ of the city, we could read among other decayed words ΚΑΙΣΑΡΙ ΣΕΒΑΣΤΩ. The following inscription likewise is of no contemptible antiquity, which we found on a stone now lying in the staircase of the abovementioned _Solymán effendi_. ΣΤΑΤΙΩ ΚΩΔΡΑΤΩ ΑΝΘΥΠΑΤΩ[21] ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΣ ΔΙΟ- ΓΝΙΤΟΥ ΕΠΕΣΚΕΥΑΣΕ ΤΟ ΜΝΗΜΕΙΟΝ ΕΑΥΤΩ ΚΑΙ ΤΟΙΣ ΙΔΙΟΙΣ ΕΚΓΟΝΟΙΣ ΜΗΔΕΝΙ ΔΕ ΕΞΕΣΤΩ ΑΠΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΩΣΑΙ ΑΥΤΟ ΕΚ ΤΟΥ ΓΕΝΟΥΣ ΜΟΥ ΕΑΝ ΔΕ ΤΙΣ ΑΠΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΩΣΗ ΥΠΕΥΘΥΝΟΣ ΕΣΤΩ ΕΙΣ ΤΟΝ ΚΑΙΣΑΡΟΣ ΦΙΣΚΟΝ Χ. Ρ. ϛ. The said _effendi_ not only civilly informed us of this stone, but when we had transcribed the words, he profered to send it after us to _Smyrna_; adding, that if it was any piece of sanctity, he was unwilling it should remain there to be trampled under foot.