Travels Through North and South Carolina, Georgia, East and West Florida, the Cherokee Country, the Extensive Territories of the Muscogulges, or Creek Confederacy, and the Country of the Chactaws.: Containing an Account of the Soil and Natural Productions of Those Regions, Together With Observations on the Manners of the Indians.Bartram, William
History
Travels Through North and South Carolina, Georgia, East and West Florida, the Cherokee Country, the Extensive Territories of the Muscogulges, or Creek Confederacy, and the Country of the Chactaws.: Containing an Account of the Soil and Natural Productions of Those Regions, Together With Observations on the Manners of the Indians.
Bartram, William
Bartram, William, 1739-1823 -- Travel -- Southern States; Indians of North America -- Southern States; Natural history -- Southern States; Southern States -- Description and travel
After fifteen miles riding, I arrived at the ferry, which is near the
site of the fort. Here is a considerable height and bluff on the river,
and evident vestiges of an ancient Indian town may be seen, such as old
extensive fields, and conical mounds, or artificial heaps of earth. I
here crossed the river, which is about five hundred yards over, in a
good large boat, rowed by a Creek Indian, who was married to a white
woman; he seemed an active, civil, and sensible man. I saw large, tall
trees of the Nyssa coccinea, si. Ogeeche, growing on the banks of the
river. They grow in the water, near the shore. There is no tree that
exhibits a more desirable appearance than this, in the autumn, when
their fruit is ripe, and the tree divested of its leaves; for then they
look as red as scarlet, with their fruit, which is of that colour also.
It is of the shape, but larger than the olive, containing an agreeable
acid juice. The leaves are oblong lanceolate and entire, somewhat hoary
underneath; their upper surface of a full green, and shining; the
petioles short, pedunculis multifloris. The most northern settlement of
this tree, yet known, is on Great Ogeeche, where they are called
Ogeeche limes, from their acid fruit being about the size of limes, and
their being sometimes used in their stead.
Being safely landed on the opposite bank, I mounted my horse, and
followed the high road to the ferry on St. Ille, about sixty miles
south of the Alatamaha, passing through an uninhabited wilderness. The
sudden transition from rich cultivated settlements, to high pine
forests, dark and grassy savannas, forms in my opinion no disagreeable
contrast; and the new objects of observation in the works of nature
soon reconcile the surprised imagination to the change. As soon as I
had lost sight of the river, ascending some sand-hills, I observed a
new and most beautiful species of Annona, having clusters of large
white fragrant flowers; and a diminutive but elegant Kalmia. The stems
are very small, feeble, and for the most part undivided, furnished with
little ovate pointed leaves, and terminate with a simple racemi, or
spike of flowers, salver formed, and of a deep rose red. The whole
plant is ciliated. It grows in abundance all over the moist savannas,
but more especially near ponds and bay-swamps. In similar situations,
and commonly a near neighbour to this new Kalmia, is seen a very
curious species of Annona. It is a very dwarf, the stems seldom
extending from the earth more than a foot or eighteen inches, and are
weak and almost decumbent. The leaves are long, extremely narrow,
almost lineal. However, small as they are, they retain the figure
common to the species, that is, lanceolate, broadest at the upper end,
and attenuating down to the petiole, which is very short; their leaves
stand alternately, nearly erect, forming two series, or wings, on the
arcuated stems. The flowers, both in size and colour, resemble those of
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