Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile, Volume 3 (of 5): In the years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772 and 1773Bruce, James
History
Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile, Volume 3 (of 5): In the years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772 and 1773
Bruce, James
Egypt -- Description and travel; Ethiopia -- Description and travel; Ethiopia -- History; Natural history -- Ethiopia; Nile River
They make use of the golden number and epact constantly in all their
ecclesiastic computations: the first they call Matqué, the other
Abacté. Scaliger, who has taken great pains upon this confused subject,
the computation of time in the church of Abyssinia, without having
succeeded in making it much clearer, tells us, that the first use
or invention of epacts was not earlier than the time of Dioclesian;
but this is contrary to the positive evidence of Abyssinian history,
which says expressly, that the epact was invented by Demetrius[111],
patriarch of Alexandria. “Unless, says the poet in their liturgy,
Demetrius had made this revelation by the immediate influence of the
Holy Ghost, how, I pray you, was it possible that the computation of
time, called Epacts, could ever have been known?” And, again, “When you
meet, says he, you shall learn the computation by epacts, which was
taught by the Holy Ghost to father Demetrius, and by him revealed to
you.” Now Demetrius was the twelfth patriarch of Alexandria, who was
elected about the 190th year of Christ, or in the reign of the emperor
Severus, consequently long before the time of Dioclesian.
It seems the reputation the Egyptians had from very old time for their
skill in computation and the division of time, remained with them
late in the days of Christianity. Pope Leo the Great, writing to the
emperor Marcian, confesses that the fixing the time of the moveable
feasts was always an exclusive privilege of the church of Alexandria;
and therefore, says he, in his letter about reforming the kalendar,
the holy fathers endeavoured to take away the occasion of this error,
by delegating the whole care of this to the bishop of Alexandria,
because the Egyptians, from old times, seem to have had this gift of
computation given them; and when these had signified to the apostolic
See the days upon which the moveable feasts were to happen, the church
of Rome then notified this by writing to churches at a greater distance.
We are not to doubt that this privilege, which the church of Alexandria
had been so long in possession of, contributed much to inflame the
minds of the Abyssinians against the Roman Catholic priests, for
altering the time of keeping Easter, by appointing days of their own;
for we see violent commotions to have arisen every year upon the
celebration of this festival.
The Abyssinians have another way of describing time peculiar to
themselves; they read the whole of the four evangelists every year in
their churches. They begin with Matthew, then proceed to Mark, Luke,
and John, in order; and, when they speak of an event, they write and
say it happened in the days of Matthew, that is, in the first quarter
of the year, while the gospel of St Matthew was yet reading in the
churches.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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