=TT.= Leaves not two-ranked, over 2 in. long 108. _Podocarpus._ =TT.= Leaves quite regularly two-ranked. (=UU.=) =UU.= Leaves marked by two longitudinal lines; bruised or burned leaves with a very disagreeable odor (107a. _Torreya._) =UU.= Leaves with the midrib forming a distinct ridge, odor not disagreeable. (=VV.=) =VV.= Leaves usually less than an inch long 107. _Taxus._ =VV.= Leaves usually more than an inch long (107b. _Cephalotaxus._) =WW.= Spray decidedly two-ranked, fan-like. (=YY.=) =WW.= Spray branching in an irregular way, not two-ranked. (=XX.=) =XX.= Fruit a purplish berry; bark shreddy 106. _Juniperus._ =XX.= Fruit a cone of thick, pointed, not lapping scales 102. _Sequoia._ =YY.= Cones elongated, of lapping scales 103. _Thuya._ =YY.= Cones globular, of peltate, valvate scales 104. _Chamæcyparis._ =ZZ.= Leaves very broad at base, half clasping the stem and rapidly narrowed to an acute tip; hardly at all spreading from the thread-like twigs; flowers pinkish, in spike-like clusters 6. _Tamarix._ =ZZ.= Leaves more elongated, quite even in width, not clasping the stem 101. _Taxodium._ [Footnote 1: Look on the elongated branches for the arrangement of the leaves; they are too closely clustered on the short side shoots. See page 18.] =CLASS I. ANGIOSPÉRMÆ.= Plants with a pistil consisting of a closed ovary, which contains the ovules and forms the fruit. ORDER =I. MAGNOLIACEÆ.= (MAGNOLIA FAMILY.) Trees or shrubs, mainly of tropical regions, including, in our section, the three following genera: GENUS =1. MAGNÒLIA.= Trees and tall shrubs with alternate, thick, smooth, entire leaves with deciduous stipules which form the bud-scales, and are attached entirely around the stem, leaving a ridge, as in Liriodendron. Flowers very large (3 to 10 in. in diameter), usually white, solitary. Fruit a large cone from which the seeds, drupe-like, usually red, hang out on long threads during the autumn. * Blooming with or before the opening of the leaves. (=A.=) =A.= Flowers entirely white 9, 10. =A.= Flowers dark purple 11. =A.= Flowers mixed purple and white. A large number of hybrids from China and Japan. * Blooming after the leaves expand. (=B.=) =B.= Leaves evergreen, more than 8 in. long 1. =B.= Leaves evergreen, not 6 in. long 2. =B.= Leaves deciduous. (=C.=) =C.= Leaves decidedly auriculate or cordate at the base. (=D.=) =D.= Leaves very large (1 to 3 ft. long) 5.