Trench Warfare: A Manual for Officers and MenSmith, Joseph S. (Joseph Shuter)
History
Trench Warfare: A Manual for Officers and Men
Smith, Joseph S. (Joseph Shuter)
Intrenchments; Siege warfare
Disregarding for the time being the claims of protection and only
considering rapid transit, there are these things to be considered:
First, that a C. T. be as short as possible, making use of contours,
sunken roads and other natural features to avoid digging as much as
possible. Second, that a C. T. be as straight as possible, which not
only shortens the distance but avoids turns and corners which interfere
with speed and which require renewed effort at every turn. These sharp
corners and turns must always be avoided. This can be done without
weakening a trench or increasing the risk, and every effort should be
made to save troops carrying full equipment, stores, ammunition, or
rations from unnecessary tiring, hindrances, and difficulties, such
as sharp corners and turns. Third, the C. T. J.’s must be as level as
possible, as they are generally slippery, and inclines or declines
should be avoided as they very often cause accidents. A longer C. T.
following around natural contours is frequently more advantageous for
this reason than a straight one over a hill, which it is only possible
to make level by an amount of digging out of proportion to the result
gained. The C. T. must be wide enough for requirements. These differ
according (a) to the proximity of C. T. to the fire-trenches, (b) to
the number of C. T.’s available, and (c) to the use for which a C. T.
is required, i. e., whether a double C. T. (for both up and down
traffic) or a single C. T. (for traffic in one direction only).
When a C. T. is close to the fire-trench, troops moving into it
are practically themselves in the fire-trench and as each group
has probably to get to a different part of that fire-trench, all
necessary traffic up and down the fire-trench and disturbance of the
men occupying it must be avoided. Rapid transit can advantageously be
obtained by other means than the width of the C. T.; by dividing the
single C. T. at some point from 30 to 60 yards in rear of the actual
fire-trench into a number of small narrow C. T.’s, each leading to a
group of 3 to 6 fire-bays, and these may again be divided into those
for up and those for down traffic.
This system requires a fair amount of thinking out and all the trenches
should be plainly marked and named. These names are placed on notice
boards at the different junctions having the proper indications and
rules directing the use of up and down traffic. This is and should be
rigidly enforced during both quiet and active periods, but takes on a
much greater importance during active periods.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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