Armies and Arms of the Eighteenth Century—Alteration in War Methods —European Army Systems—Changes made by Napoleon—Battle Weapons and Tactical Movements—Growing Use of Cannon—The Congreve Rocket—Infantry Formations—The Introduction of the Rifle—The Crimean War and Rifled Siege Guns—The Italian War and Rifled Cannon—Advent of the Breech-loader—Introduction of Heavy Guns—Arms and Tactics in the Civil War—Use of Steam and Electricity in War—Advantage of Railroad and Telegraph— Introduction of Armored Vessels—Siege Artillery—Advent of the Machine Gun—New System of Entrenchment—German Military System —Coming of the Needle Gun—French Military System—Comparison of Russian and Turkish Methods—Strength of the World’s Armies— United States Army Organization—Steel Guns and Smokeless Powder —Improvement in Mortars—The Dynamite Gun—Modern Shrapnel— Sea-Coast Guns—Perfection of Modern Rifles—Their Great Range and Power—The Gatling Gun—The Maxim Automatic—Introduction of the Torpedo—General Review of the Increase in Military Efficiency 283–306 THE CENTURY’S PROGRESS IN AGRICULTURE I. VICISSITUDES OF EARLY FARMING:—First National Road—Canal Building—Coming of Railroads—Farming Conditions before the 50’s—Hardships of Marketing. II. IMPROVEMENTS IN FARM IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY:—Farmers’ Draft upon Nature—The Sickle, Flail, and Cradle—Coming of Harvesters—Improvement in Threshers —Portable and Traction Engines—Separators and Stackers— Improvements in Other Implements. III. IMPROVEMENT IN STOCK:— Various Breeds of Cattle—Breeding of Horses, Sheep, and Swine —Best Breeds. IV. IMPROVEMENT IN FARMING METHODS:—In Drainage —Care of Animals—Barns and Stabling—Proper Food Rations —Fencing. V. HOME IMPROVEMENTS:—Home Architecture—The Yard and Garden—Maintaining Soil Fertility—Proper Manures —Soil Analysis—Use of Modern Fertilizers. VI. IMPROVEMENT IN AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE:—Agricultural Literature—Farmers’ Clubs and Institutes—Granges—Agricultural Colleges—Experimental Stations—The Department of Agriculture—Bureau of Animal Industry—Agricultural Newspapers and Periodicals—Summary of Agricultural Progress 307–338 PROGRESS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING